They are also called Supreme Court Rules. They are a form of legislation, and while laws are enacted by the Diet and government ordinances by the Cabinet, the Supreme Court is responsible for enacting court rules (Article 77 of the Constitution). Major examples include the Civil Procedure Rules, Criminal Procedure Rules, and Domestic Relations Trial Rules. Lower courts may also enact rules upon delegation from the Supreme Court. Under the Meiji Constitution, courts were not granted this right to enact rules, and were disciplined by the Minister of Justice, who was part of the administrative power. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
最高裁判所規則ともいわれる。法令の一形式であり,法律が国会により,政令が内閣によって制定されるのに対し,裁判所規則を制定する主体は最高裁判所である(憲法77条)。おもな例としては,民事訴訟規則,刑事訴訟規則,家事審判規則等がある。下級裁判所も最高裁から委任を受けて規則を制定することがある。明治憲法の下では裁判所にこのような規則制定権が認められていず,行政権に属する司法大臣の定めるところにより規律されていた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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