Based on the fact that various differences exist among individuals and groups of people, differential psychology aims to clarify what personality and cultural characteristics are by clarifying the characteristics of each. Differences include various phenomena such as gender differences, age differences, cultural differences, and ethnic differences, but rather than seeking a general theory, it is characterized by its interest in individual differences themselves. Research into the psychology of difference examines the facts that exist between individuals and groups, and analyzes the causes of these differences, i.e., the various conditions that influence them, such as environmental conditions such as climate and customs, social conditions, genetic conditions, conditions at the developmental stage, and acquired conditions such as learning and experience. Possible factors that constitute differences include physical characteristics, intelligence, personality, and gender differences. Psychology was established with the aim of pursuing scientific general principles regarding human consciousness and behavior, and the purpose of research is to pursue universals that may exist among differences. However, when considering each person as an irreplaceable individual, the psychology of difference, which aims to elucidate individuality, can be said to be meaningful. [Yutaka Haruki] “Differential Psychology” by Minoru Miyoshi (1951, Kaneko Shobo)” Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
差異心理学は、人間の個人および集団にはさまざまな差異が存在するという事実に基づき、それぞれの特質を明らかにすることによって、個性や文化特質とは何かを解明することを目的にしている。差異としては、性差、年齢差、文化差、民族差などさまざまな現象があるが、それらの一般論を求めるよりは、むしろ個人差そのものに関心を向けることに特徴がある。 差異心理学の研究は、個人間および集団間に存在する差異の事実を調べ、それらがおこってくる原因、すなわち、気候、風土などの環境条件、社会条件、遺伝条件、発達段階の条件、学習や経験などの後天的条件など差異に影響する諸条件の分析を行う。差異を構成する要因としては、身体的な特性、知能の高低、パーソナリティー、性差などが考えられる。人間の意識と行動に関する、科学的な一般原理を追究することを目ざして発足した心理学にとっては、差異のなかに存在するであろう普遍のものを追究するのが研究の目的ではあるが、かけがえのない個人としてのひとりひとりの人間を考えるとき、個性の解明を目的とする差異心理学は意義のあるものといえる。 [春木 豊] 『三好稔著『差異心理学』(1951・金子書房)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Fine dust meter - Saijinkei (English spelling) dust counter
An island in the southeastern part of Indonesia th...
Passerine, Wagtail family. Total length 20cm. Long...
...A rotating body consisting of multiple blades ...
...Used for emergency construction, construction ...
In China, Sun Yat-sen advocated this alongside lan...
The ancient Roman name for a river that flows into...
This refers to a market situation in which there ...
...In the Middle Ages and early modern period, th...
Abbreviated as PC, this political party was found...
〘noun〙① (━suru) To do something widely. In particu...
…However, the nature of pain varies depending on ...
…General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATA) is...
...In 1891, the Consumers' League was formed ...
It is a language family with an ancient and rich ...
A general term for seals that were stamped on var...