Choi - Science

A scholar from the mid-Qing Dynasty in China. His pen name was Wucheng and his title was Dongbi. He was a feudal lord in Hebei Province and was made a Juren in 1762. He learned Zhu Xi's philosophy from his father, Yuansen, and at the age of 56 he became the governor of Luoyuan County and achieved great success, but six years later he left his post to devote himself to the study of ancient history, and died at the age of 77. He was skeptical of the differences between ancient traditions and historical facts from an early age, rejected the authority of annotations, and advocated "seeing the truth" and "considering the truth," establishing his own unique style of learning based on rigorous criticism of sources. In modern times, this style of learning attracted the attention of Hu Shi, Gu Jie Gang and others, and had a great influence on the so-called "skeptical of the ancients" scholars. His representative works include "Houko's Notes on Thought," "Sushi's Notes on Thought," "Mencius's Facts," and "Reading the Wind and Understanding," all of which are collected in the "Cui Dongbyeo's Letters" compiled by his disciple Chen Lu-he (1761-1825). The same book is also available in Japan as a published edition by the Historical Society (1903) edited by Naka Michiyo, and is said to have provided a considerable stimulus to the historical academic world of the Meiji period in terms of methodology.

[Yoshihiro Murayama March 18, 2016]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)朝中期の学者。字(あざな)は武承(ぶしょう)、号は東壁(とうへき)。河北省大名の人。1762年の挙人。父の元森(げんしん)から朱子学を受け、56歳のとき羅源(らげん)県の知県となって治績があったが、6年後、官を辞めて古史研究に専念し、77歳で没した。早くから古代の伝承と史実との間の違いに疑いを抱き、伝注の権威を否定し、「徴実」と「考信」を標榜(ひょうぼう)して、厳しい資料批判に基づく独自の学風を確立した。この学風は近代に至り胡適(こてき)、顧頡剛(こけつごう)らの注目するところとなり、いわゆる疑古派の学者たちに大きな影響を及ぼした。代表作に『豊鎬(ほうこう)考信録』『洙泗(しゅし)考信録』『孟子(もうし)事実録』『読風偶識』などがあるが、それらは門人の陳履和(ちんりわ)（1761―1825）の編した『崔東壁遺書』に収められている。なお、同書は日本でも那珂通世(なかみちよ)校点の史学会刊本（1903）があり、明治の史学界に方法論上で少なからぬ刺激を与えたものとされている。

［村山吉廣　2016年3月18日］

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