Charged particles perform cyclotron motion (circular motion) in a magnetic field, and when an electromagnetic wave of the same frequency is applied, they resonate and absorb the energy of the electromagnetic wave. This phenomenon is called cyclotron resonance. It is applied to heating electrons and ions in plasma. Electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate into metals, making observation difficult, but in 1955 M. Azbell and E. Kerner pointed out that by applying a magnetic field parallel to the surface and a microwave electric field perpendicular to it, it was possible to observe electrons on the surface. Cyclotron resonance in metals is called the Azbell-Kerner effect. Cyclotron resonance is applied to research into the effective mass and Fermi surface of carriers in metals and semiconductors. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
荷電粒子は磁場中でサイクロトロン運動 (円運動) をするが,これと同じ振動数の電磁波を加えると共鳴して,電磁波のエネルギーを吸収する。この現象をサイクロトロン共鳴という。プラズマ中の電子やイオンの加熱に応用される。金属では電磁波が内部に侵入できないので,観測が困難であったが,1955年 M.アズベルと E.カーナーの指摘により,磁場を表面に平行に加え,マイクロ波電場をこれに垂直に加えることにより,表面の電子については観測された。金属におけるサイクロトロン共鳴をアズベル=カーナー効果という。サイクロトロン共鳴は金属や半導体のキャリアの有効質量,フェルミ面の研究に応用されている。
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