A Buddhist scripture. It is a middle Mahayana sutra that was probably established in northern India around the 4th century. Its original name was Suvarnaprabhāsa-uttama-indra-rāja ("The Most Excellent King of Golden Light"). Three Chinese translations remain. The "Golden Light Sutra" was translated by Danmuchen of Northern Liang, and is an abbreviated version of the original text in four volumes. The "Sutra of the Most Excellent King of Golden Light" was translated by Yijing of the Tang Dynasty, and is a direct translation of the original text in ten volumes. Another is the "Combined Golden Light Sutra," which was compiled into eight volumes during the Sui dynasty. There are also three Tibetan translations, and the original, Uighur translation, and Mongolian translation texts remain, showing the wide distribution of this sutra. This sutra is a wide-ranging, narrative-rich scripture centered on the ideas of emptiness and repentance, and includes beliefs in the protection of Buddhism by the Four Heavenly Kings, Kisshoten, and Jigoten, as well as the protection of the nation. In Japan, it is the scripture of Kokubunji Temple (shoe, short for Konkomyo Shitenno Gokoku-no-ji), and is the basis for the Saisho-e, Konkomyo Senbo, and Hojo-e ceremonies. In Nepal, it is one of the nine great Dharma treasures, and in Mongolia, it is the basis for the belief in Bishamon. It later ceded its position to the Lotus Sutra. [Kanaoka Hidetomo] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
仏教経典。4世紀ごろおそらく北インドで成立したとみられる中期大乗経典。原名をスバルナプラブハーサ・ウタマ・インドララージャSuvara-prabhāsa-uttama-indra-rāja(『金光明最勝帝王(さいしょうていおう)』)という。三訳の漢訳が現存する。『金光明経』は北涼の曇無讖(どんむしん)の訳になり、原典を略して4巻としたもの。『金光明最勝王経』は唐の義浄(ぎじょう)訳で、原典を直訳して10巻としたもの。ほかに隋(ずい)代に8巻に編集された『合部(ごうぶ)金光明経』である。チベット訳も3種あり、原典、ウイグル訳、モンゴル訳のテキストが現存し、本経の広い分布がみられる。本経は空(くう)、懺悔(さんげ)の思想を中心とし、四天王(してんのう)、吉祥天(きちじょうてん)、地居天(じごてん)などの仏法守護や、国家鎮護の信仰を配した幅広い、物語性に富む経典である。わが国では国分寺(金光明四天王護国之寺の略)の所依(しょえ)経典であり、最勝会(さいしょうえ)、金光明懺法(せんぼう)、放生会(ほうじょうえ)などの根拠となった。ネパールでは「九大法宝」中の一経典であり、モンゴルでは毘沙門(びしゃもん)信仰の根拠となった。のち『法華経(ほけきょう)』に首座を譲った。 [金岡秀友] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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