Collotype (English spelling)

Japanese: コロタイプ(英語表記)collotype
Collotype (English spelling)
A high-end photographic printing method, especially suitable for fine art printing. A thick glass plate is coated with a primer, coated with a gelatin sensitizer (gelatin, ammonium dichromate, chrome alum, etc.), and then placed in a drying box and dried at 45-55°C. This is then combined with a reversed photographic negative and baked. This creates characteristic wrinkles. Next, the cover on the back of the glass plate is removed and the plate is exposed for 30-40 seconds and baked. The plate is then washed with water and dried to set the film. When the film surface is moistened with glycerin and water, the wrinkles absorb the water and swell, and the degree of swelling creates various tones. When printing ink is applied, the ink changes color depending on the degree of swelling. The wrinkles are so fine that they are invisible to the naked eye, so the fine gradations are well displayed and there is no mesh, resulting in a photographic finish. A collotype press and collotype ink are used for printing. The printing limit is about 2000-3000 sheets, and only flatbed presses can be used. Color collotype is the most faithful printing method, and is used especially for reproducing paintings.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
高級写真印刷法の1種。特に美術印刷に最適。厚板ガラスに下引き液を塗布,ゼラチン感光液 (ゼラチン,二クロム酸アンモニウム,クロム明礬など) を引き,乾燥箱に入れて 45~55℃で乾燥。これに反転した写真ネガと合せ焼付ける。このとき特有の小皺ができる。次にガラス板の裏側のふたをはずして 30~40秒露光して焼く。水洗いして乾かし,膜を固定させる。この膜面をグリセリンと水で湿らせると,小皺が水を吸ってふくれ上がり,その度合いがいろいろの調子をつけ,印刷インキをつけると,そのふくれ具合に応じてつきが違ってくる。小皺は肉眼で見えないくらいに微細なので,細部の階調がよく出るうえ網目がないので,写真のように仕上がる。印刷にはコロタイプ印刷機とコロタイプ用のインキを使用する。印刷部数の限界は 2000~3000枚ほどで,印刷機は平台印刷機だけしか使用できない。カラー・コロタイプは印刷のなかでも最も忠実な印刷法で,特に絵画の複製に使用。

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