Komatiite (English spelling)

Japanese: コマチアイト(英語表記)komatiite
Komatiite (English spelling)
It is an ultramafic volcanic rock occurring as pillow or massive lava. It contains more than 18% MgO. The rock is devoid of feldspar and is rich in Mg-olivine and clinopyroxene crystals encased in recrystallized glass. The olivine is generally fully serpentinized. It usually shows a characteristic spinifex texture, which is a structure of elongated olivine and pyroxene crystals arranged in parallel radial patterns. This texture is thought to indicate rapid crystallization from ultramafic magmas [Viljoen & Viljoen : 1969]. It is named after the Komati River in the Transvaal, South Africa.

Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information

Japanese:
超マフィック質の火山岩で枕状熔岩あるいは塊状の熔岩として産出する.18%以上のMgOを含んでいる.この岩石は長石を欠いており,Mg-橄欖(かんらん)石と単斜輝石の結晶に富み,これらは再結晶化したガラス中に包まれている.一般に橄欖石は完全に蛇紋石化している.特徴的なスピニフェックス(spinifex)組織を示すのが普通である.スピニフェックス組織とは,長く伸びた橄欖石と輝石の結晶が平行で放射状に配列した組織をいう.この組織は超マフィック質のマグマからの急速な結晶作用を示すと考えられている[Viljoen & Viljoen : 1969].南アフリカ,トランスヴァールのコマチ(Komati)川に因む.

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