Gobineau - Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau

Japanese: ゴビノー - ごびのー(英語表記)Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau
Gobineau - Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau

French diplomat and author. After spending a dozen years of his youth as a contributor to novels, he became a diplomat, and served in various places, including Bern, Europe, South America, Russia, and Turkey. During this time, he devoted himself to his long-held desire to study the East, and wrote many research books and travelogues. His representative works include Three Years in Asia (1859), Religion and Philosophy of Central Asia (1865), and History of the Persians (1869), but his main work is the magnum opus Discourse on Inequality (1853-1855). His racial theory, which considered the ancient Aryans to be the superior race, was used by pan-Germanism, anti-Semitism, and Nazism from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, and he suddenly came into the spotlight. As a novelist, his early masterpieces include "Scaramouche" (1843) and "Mademoiselle ilnoy" (1847), and his later masterpieces include "Pleiade" (1874) and "Nouvelle Asiatique" (1876). He is said to be comparable to Stendhal in his concise writing style and romantic material.

[Takahiro Nagasawa May 19, 2015]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの外交官、著作家。小説の寄稿家として青年時代の十数年を過ごしたのち外交官に転じ、ベルンを皮切りにヨーロッパ各地、南アメリカ、ロシア、トルコなど各地を歴任、この間、年来の宿願であった東方研究に打ち込み、多くの研究書、紀行文を著す。代表的なものに『アジアの三年』(1859)、『中央アジアの宗教と哲学』(1865)、『ペルシア人の歴史』(1869)などがあるが、主著は大作『人種不平等論』(1853~1855)である。古代のアーリア人を最優秀人種とする彼の人種理論は、19世紀末から20世紀初頭にかけて、汎(はん)ゲルマン主義、反ユダヤ主義、ナチズムに援用され、にわかに脚光を浴びるに至った。また小説家としては、初期の代表作に『スカラムーシュ』(1843)、『イルノワ嬢』(1847)、後期の代表作に『プレイアード』(1874)、『ヌーベル・アジアチック』(1876)などがあり、簡潔な文体とロマンチックな素材においてスタンダールに比肩しうるといわれる。

[長澤孝廣 2015年5月19日]

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