National Examination - Kokkashiken

Japanese: 国家試験 - こっかしけん
National Examination - Kokkashiken

An examination administered by the state to hire public servants, or to grant qualifications necessary for certain jobs (to grant licenses for certain positions and activities) to those who pass the examination, or to prove certain skills. The main national examinations are as follows. First, those classified as hiring examinations include the National Civil Service General, General, Specialist, and Experienced Persons Hiring Examinations (the previous examination system of national civil service hiring I, II, III, and other hiring was revised in 2012 under the Basic Act on Reform of the National Civil Service System), and those who pass the examination are qualified as national civil servants. If they leave their civil service status, their qualifications will be lost. Next, there are qualification examinations aimed at obtaining qualifications to perform work such as lawyers, doctors, certified public accountants, judicial scriveners, and tax accountants. There are also certification examinations that the state certifies and proves that a person has a specific skill, and by taking exams on various skills such as the Information Processing Engineer Examination, titles such as engineer can be obtained. National examinations can also be classified according to the body of the exam (classification from the perspective of exams conducted by the national and local governments, and other organizations).

[Kazukazu Hirata]

[Reference item] | National civil servant

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

公務員の採用または、特定の業務に必要な資格(一定の地位・活動についての免許を与えるため)などその合格者に資格を付与したり、一定の技能を証明するために国家が管理して行う試験。おもな国家試験としては次のようなものがある。まず採用試験として分類されるものに、国家公務員総合職・一般職・専門職・経験者採用試験(2012年度から、国家公務員制度改革基本法により、従来の国家公務員採用Ⅰ・Ⅱ・Ⅲ種、その他の採用という試験制度の見直しが行われた)などがあり、合格者は国家公務員の資格を得る。公務員の身分を離れた場合、その資格はなくなる。次に資格試験として、弁護士、医師、公認会計士、司法書士、税理士などの業務を行うための資格取得を目的とする試験がある。また国家が特定の技能を有することを認定・証明する認定試験があり、情報処理技術者試験など各種技能についての試験で技術者などの称号を得ることができる。なお国家試験は、このほか試験主体からの分類も可能である(国・地方自治体、それ以外の団体の行う試験という観点からの分類)。

[平田和一]

[参照項目] | 国家公務員

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  National Socialism

>>:  National Civil Service Act - Kokkakomuinho

Recommend

Peshawar

The capital of the North-West Frontier Province in...

Viola bisseti (English spelling)

… [Yukio Taniguchi]. … *Some of the terminology t...

Sometayu's Life Story - Sometayu's Life Story

The autobiography of the 6th Gidayu Takemoto Somed...

Chloral

trichloroacetaldehyde. C 2 HCl 3 O (147.39). CCl ...

Extragenital chancre - extragenital chancre

…In men, it is most common in the coronal sulcus ...

British Library

…Due to the expansion of the collections and the ...

Rhodomonas

…Plants with these flagella and photosynthetic ch...

Soil microbes - Dojoubiseibutsu (English spelling) soil microbes

This refers to microorganisms that live in soil. ...

Cannon - Taihou

A weapon that fires a large bullet. There is no m...

Wilson, JT

...This cycle applies not only to the past 200 mi...

Karinthy Frigyes

Born: June 24, 1887, Budapest Died: August 29, 193...

Omazaki

A cape located at the northern tip of the Shimoki...

Marsh marigold - Ezo no ryukinka

...As a species, it is widely distributed in the ...

Mixed farming - kongou nougyo

A form of agricultural management in which crop c...

Selye, Hans

Born January 26, 1907 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [...