...In the 19th century, Berriman's work was continued by Germans Karl Johann Bernhard Karsten (1782-1853) and Wilhelm August Lampadius (1772-1842), who discovered that carbon absorption occurs in blast furnaces, decarburization occurs in smelting furnaces, and carbon absorption occurs in carburizing processes. Furthermore, there was a succession of studies on the research of M. Faraday on alloy steels, the research of the Russian Dmitrii K. Chernov (1839-1921) on the transformation points of steel, the research of the British Henry Clifton Sorby (1826-1908) and the German Adolf Martens (1850-1914) on the microstructure of steel, the research of the French F. Osmon on transformations in steel, the research of the British J. O. Arnold on the role of carbon in steel, and the research of the British William Roberts Austen (1843-1902) and the Dutch Hendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom (1854-1907) on phase diagrams of steel, which laid the foundations of today's physical metallurgy of steel, such as the relationship between steel hardening and heat treatment, structure, and phase diagrams. The names of steel structures, such as sorbite, martensite, austenite, troostite, and ledeburite, are named after the achievements of these predecessors. *Some of the terminology references "Austen, WR" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…19世紀に入るとベリマンの成果はドイツのカルステンKarl Johann Bernhard Karsten(1782‐1853),ランパディウスWilhelm August Lampadius(1772‐1842)らによって引き継がれ,高炉では吸炭が,精錬炉では脱炭が,浸炭法では吸炭が生じることなどが明らかにされた。また合金鋼に関するM.ファラデーの研究,鉄鋼の変態点に関するロシアのチェルノフDmitrii K.Chernov(1839‐1921)の研究,鉄鋼の顕微鏡組織に関するイギリスのソルビーHenry Clifton Sorby(1826‐1908)やドイツのマルテンスAdolf Martens(1850‐1914)の研究,鉄鋼の変態に関するフランスのF.オスモンの研究,鋼中の炭素の役割に関するイギリスのJ.O.アーノルドの研究,鉄鋼の状態図に関するイギリスのオーステンWilliam Roberts Austen(1843‐1902)やオランダのローゼボームHendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom(1854‐1907)らの研究が相次ぎ,鋼の硬化と熱処理,組織,状態図との関係など,今日の鋼の物理冶金学の基礎が築かれた。鋼の組織の名前であるソルバイト,マルテンサイト,オーステナイト,トルースタイト,レーデブライトなどは,それらの先人の業績にちなんで命名された。… ※「Austen,W.R.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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