United Nations Conference on Environment and Development

Japanese: 国連環境開発会議 - こくれんかんきょうかいはつかいぎ

The largest UN conference of the 20th century was held in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (commonly known as the Stockholm Conference) in June 1972, when human society first addressed global environmental issues. It is commonly known as the Earth Summit. 172 of the 178 UN member states sent delegations, and about 17,000 people from private environmental protection organizations (environmental NGOs) also attended, participating in exhibitions, lectures, discussions, and reports on the current situation in each country and region. The conference saw the signing of the Convention on the Prevention of Global Warming and the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the adoption of the Rio de Janeiro Declaration on Environment and Development and the Statement of Principles on Forests. The slogan of the conference was "sustainable development." Although Agenda 21, which was adopted at the conference, is not binding like a treaty, it is an action plan for global environmental conservation for the 21st century and has been reflected in the environmental policies and development plans of each country since the conference. The third Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Climate Change was held in Kyoto, Japan in December 1997.
Related articles Amazon Development Plan | Sustainable Netherlands Action Plan | Energy Resources | Environmental Diplomacy | Global Environment Facility

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Japanese:

地球環境問題に人類社会が初めて取り組んだ1972年６月の国連人間環境会議（通称ストックホルム会議）から20周年を記念して，1992年６月，ブラジルのリオ・デ・ジャネイロで開かれた20世紀最大規模の国連会議。〈地球サミット〉と通称。178の国連加盟国のうち172ヵ国が代表団を派遣，このほか民間環境保護団体（環境NGO）から約１万7000人が訪れ，展示，講演，討論，各国・各地の現状報告などに参加した。会議では地球温暖化防止条約，生物多様性条約の調印，〈環境と開発に関するリオ・デ・ジャネイロ宣言〉〈森林に関する原則声明〉の採択が行われた。同会議のスローガンは〈持続可能な発展〉。また会議で採択された〈アジェンダ21〉は条約のような拘束力はないが，21世紀に向けた地球環境保全の行動計画として，会議後の各国の環境政策や開発計画に反映されている。地球温暖化防止条約第３回締約国会議は1997年12月，日本の京都で開催された。
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