It is one of the plans of action declared and established at the United Nations General Assembly in 1972 to tackle gender discrimination on a global scale. The United Nations declared 1975 to be the International Year of Women, and at the First World Conference on Women held in Mexico City in the same year, the World Plan of Action was adopted, setting guidelines for the next 10 years to improve the situation of women. The United Nations General Assembly then resolved to designate the period up to 1985 as the United Nations Decade for Women. In 1980, halfway through the United Nations Decade for Women, the Second World Conference on Women was held in Copenhagen, where the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women was signed. In Japan, this treaty was ratified after the establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Law in 1985. The Third World Conference on Women was held in Nairobi in 1985, and the Fourth World Conference on Women was held in Beijing in 1995. At the fourth conference, the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action towards the year 2000 was adopted, and the NGO Forum held at the same time was attended by 30,000 people from around the world (5,000 from Japan), making it the largest women's gathering of this century. In Japan, the government formulated the Gender Equality 2000 Plan in 1996 and is currently working on policies to realize it. International Women's Year invigorated the activities of not only government agencies but also private women's groups, and became a catalyst for promoting the feminist movement. → Related Articles Local Women's Federation Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
1972年国連総会において,性差別撤廃に世界的規模の行動で取り組むために宣言・設定された行動計画の一つ。国連は1975年を国際婦人(女性)年とすることを宣言,同年にメキシコ市で開催された第1回世界女性会議では〈世界行動計画〉が採択され,女性の状況改善をめざして以後10年間の指針が立てられた。さらにその後の国連総会で,1985年までを〈国連婦人の10年〉とすることを決議。〈国連婦人の10年〉の中間年にあたる1980年には,コペンハーゲンで第2回世界女性会議が開催され,〈女子差別撤廃条約〉の署名が行われた。この条約は,日本では1985年の男女雇用機会均等法制定などの条件整備の後,批准。その後も1985年第3回世界女性会議がナイロビで,1995年第4回が北京で開かれた。第4回会議では西暦2000年に向けての〈北京宣言及び行動綱領〉が採択され,同時に開かれたNGOフォーラム(非政府団体会議)に世界各地から3万人(日本からは5000人)が参加,今世紀最大の女性集会となった。日本では1996年,政府が〈男女共同参画2000年プラン〉を策定し,その実現に向けて施策を進めている。国際婦人年は,政府機関のみならず民間の女性団体の活動を活発化し,フェミニズム運動推進のきっかけとなった。 →関連項目地婦連 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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