Absalon - Absalon (English spelling)

Archbishop of Denmark. Born in Fenneslev on Zealand as a member of the Visse family, the most powerful Danish noble family, he was raised with Valdemar (later King I, the Great) during his childhood. In 1146, he went to Paris to study theology, and was elected Bishop of Roskilde in 1157 immediately after returning home. In the 1160s, he played an active role as a mediator in the conflict between Archbishop Eskil of Lund (c. 1100-1181) and Valdemar I, and in 1177 he became Archbishop of Lund. Until he was elected Bishop of Roskilde in 1191, he held two important positions in the Danish Church, and played an important role in both the secular and religious worlds. In the 1150s and 1160s, he led the Wenden expedition, successfully expanding his influence to northern Germany and the Baltic Sea, and laid the foundation for Denmark's Baltic Sea policy. He devoted himself to the construction of monasteries and churches, and also worked hard to establish an alliance between the king and the church. He is also famous for the founding of Copenhagen (1167).

[Masanori Makino November 17, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

デンマークの大司教。デンマークのもっとも有力な貴族ビゼ家の一員として、シェラン島のフェネスレウに生まれ、幼年時代はバルデマー（後の1世、大王）とともに養育された。1146年神学習得のためパリに赴き、帰国直後の1157年ロスキレ司教に選出された。1160年代、ルンド大司教エスキルEskil（1100ころ―1181）とバルデマー1世との対立では調停役として活躍、1177年ルンド大司教に就任、1191年にロスキレ司教が選出されるまで、デンマーク教会の重要な二つの地位を兼任し、聖俗両界に重きをなした。1150～1160年代ウェンデン遠征を行い、北ドイツやバルト海方面への勢力拡張に成功、デンマークのバルト海政策の基礎を築いた。修道院や教会の建設に力を注ぎ、国王と教会との提携にも努力した。コペンハーゲンの建設（1167）でも有名である。

［牧野正憲　2017年11月17日］

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