Reischauer, Edwin Oldfather

Japanese: ライシャワー（英語表記）Reischauer， Edwin Oldfather

Born: October 15, 1910, Tokyo
[Died] September 1, 1990. Historian at Loyola University in California. Born to A. Reischauer, a Presbyterian missionary and Buddhist scholar, he lived in Japan until the age of 16. Graduated from Oberlin College in 1931, and in 1932 obtained a master's degree from Harvard University, studying the history and culture of Japan and China. From 1933 to 1938, he studied in Paris, Japan, and other places. In 1939, he obtained a doctorate from Harvard University for his research on Jikaku Daishi Ennin. He taught at the university (lecturer from 1939 to 1942, assistant professor from 1946 to 1950, professor from 1950 to 1960, professor from 1966 to 1981), during which time he worked at the Department of Defense from 1943 to 1945 and the Department of State from 1945 to 1946, among other positions. He served as director of the Harvard-Yenching Institute from 1956 to 1961, and was the ambassador to Japan from 1961 to 1966, contributing to the friendship between the United States and Japan as an academic ambassador. He returned to Harvard University in 1966 and was reappointed as director in 1970. As a Japanophile, he has been discussing U.S.-Japan relations. He is known for sparking controversy over Japan's modernization, especially "modernization theory." His books include Japan, Past and Present (1946), The United States and Japan (50), and The Japanese (79).

Reischauer
Reischauer, August Karl

Born: September 4, 1879.
[Died] July 10, 1971. California. A missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the United States. Father of E. Reischauer. He came to Japan in 1905 and taught at Meiji Gakuin and Japan Theological Seminary. He was instrumental in the founding of Tokyo Woman's Christian University and Japan School for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, and served as executive director of Tokyo Woman's Christian University. He was also known as a scholar of Buddhism. After returning to Japan in 1941, he lectured on religious history at Union Theological Seminary in New York. His main works are "Immortality of Personality" (10), "Studies in Japanese Buddhism" (17), and "The Task in Japan" (25).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1910.10.15. 東京
[没]1990.9.1. カリフォルニア，ロヨラ
アメリカの歴史学者。長老派教会宣教師で仏教研究家の A.ライシャワーの子として生れ，16歳まで日本で過した。 1931年オバーリン大学を卒業し，32年日本および中国の歴史と文化を研究してハーバード大学で修士号を取得。 33～38年パリ，日本などに留学。 39年慈覚大師円仁の研究でハーバード大学から博士号を取得。同大学で教鞭をとり (1939～42講師，46～50助教授，50～60，66～81教授) ，その間第2次世界大戦中の 43～45年国防省，45～46年国務省などに勤務。 56～61年ハーバード＝燕京研究所所長などを経て，61～66年日本駐在大使となり，学者大使として日米親善に貢献。 66年ハーバード大学に復職し，70年前記所長に再任，知日派として日米関係を論じている。日本の近代化，特に「近代化理論」をめぐる論争を引起したことは有名。著書に『日本－過去と現在』 Japan，Past and Present (1946) ，『ライシャワーの見た日本』 The United States and Japan (50) ，『ザ・ジャパニーズ』 The Japanese (79) などがある。

ライシャワー
Reischauer， August Karl

[生]1879.9.4.
[没]1971.7.10. カリフォルニア
アメリカ長老派教会宣教師。 E.ライシャワーの父。 1905年に来日して明治学院，日本神学校で教え，東京女子大学，日本聾話学校の創立に尽力し，東京女子大学の常務理事をつとめた。仏教の研究家としても知られる。 41年に帰国してからはニューヨークのユニオン神学大学で宗教史を講じた。主著『人格不死論』 (10) ，"Studiesin Japanese Buddhism" (17) ，"The Task in Japan" (25) 。

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