Hong-wu zheng-yun (English)

Japanese: 洪武正韻 - こうぶせいいん（英語表記）Hong-wu zheng-yun

A Chinese rhyme book. Compiled by imperial order of the Ming Emperor Hongwu, eleven people, including Le Shaofeng, Song Lian, and one Mongolian, it has 16 volumes and was completed in 1374 (the 7th year of the Hongwu era). It is divided into 76 rhymes, including 22 each of Pingsheng, Shangsheng, and Qusheng, and 10 of Rusheng. While most rhyme books of the time were written in the easy way by simply combining the rhymes of Qieyun and Guangyun, this work shows an attitude of reexamining the pronunciation of the characters and reorganizing them. However, although the preface says that it is based on the "elegant pronunciation of the Central Plains (north of the Yangtze River)," in fact it is a blend of Jiangnan pronunciation, and there are many inconsistencies in the pronunciation system itself.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国の韻書。明の洪武帝の勅命によって，楽韶鳳 (がくしょうほう) ，宋濂 (そうれん) ら，モンゴル人1人を含む 11人が編集。 16巻。洪武7 (1374) 年成立。平声，上声，去声各 22韻，入声 10韻，計 76韻に分類される。この頃の韻書の多くが，単に『切韻』や『広韻』の韻目を合併していくだけという安易な方法であったのに対し，本書にはあらためて字音を吟味し再編成をはかるという態度がみられる。しかし，序文では「中原 (揚子江以北) 雅音」をもとにするといいながら，実は江南音と折衷していて，音系そのものには矛盾が多い。

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