Takahiro

The first poet of the Ming Dynasty in China. His pen name was Ji Di and his pen name was Qingqiu. He was from Suzhou (Jiangsu Province). He was associated with the Ten Friends of Beiguo, including Wang Xing and Xu Ben, and was a precocious poet. As an independent poet, he showed remarkable achievements in Suzhou, the cultural center of the time. Later, he was hated by Taizu, and executed at the age of just 38. He was the most talented poet in the Ming Dynasty, and wrote 2,000 poems on a variety of subjects. He was able to digest the strengths of each era well, and his poetic meaning was clear and his expressions were simple or elegant, but he did not yet show his own unique style. He has been a favorite reader in Japan since the Edo period. He wrote the "Complete Works of Gao Taishi," which was annotated by Jin Dan of the Qing Dynasty. Gao Qi, along with Yang Ji, Zhang Yu, and Xu Ben, were known as the Four Great Heroes of the Middle Wu Dynasty, in analogy with the Four Great Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty, but like the former, these four also shared the same unfortunate fate of death. Their biographies are recorded in the Ming History, Wenyuan Biography 1.

[Masakazu Fukumoto]

"Chinese Poets' Anthology, Volume 2, No. 10, Gao Qingqiu, with notes by Sensuke Iriya (1962, Iwanami Shoten)" ▽ "Chinese Poets' Anthology, Volume 21, Gao Qingqiu, by Kanichi Kamachi (1966, Shueisha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、明(みん)初の詩人。字(あざな)は季廸(きてき)、号は青邱(せいきゅう)。蘇州(そしゅう)（江蘇省）の人。王行、徐賁(じょひ)ら北郭(ほくかく)十友と交わって早熟の詩才を誇り、在野の詩人として、当時の文化の中心蘇州で、目覚ましい活躍を示した。のち太祖に憎まれ、わずか38歳で刑死した。明でもっとも才能に恵まれた詩人で、あらゆる対象を2000首の詩に歌った。各時代の長所をよく消化して、詩意は平明、表現は淡泊あるいは華麗であるが、独自の風格を示すに至っていない。日本でも江戸時代以来、多くの愛読者をもつ。著に『高太史大全集』があり、清(しん)の金檀(きんだん)が注を施す。なお高啓は、楊基(ようき)、張羽、徐賁とともに、初唐四傑になぞらえて呉中四傑と称されたが、前者と同じく、この4人もみな不幸な死の運命を共有する。伝は『明史』文苑(ぶんえん)伝1に記される。

［福本雅一］

『入谷仙介注『中国詩人選集2集10　高啓』（1962・岩波書店）』▽『蒲池歓一著『漢詩大系21　高青邱』（1966・集英社）』

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