A type of positive displacement pump that pumps liquid by volumetric displacement in a sealed space. A piston or plunger reciprocates inside a cylinder equipped with a suction valve and discharge valve to pump water ( ). When the plunger moves to the right, a vacuum is created inside the cylinder, the suction valve automatically opens, and water is sucked in. When it moves to the left, the suction valve closes, and the water in the cylinder pushes open the discharge valve and is sent out to the discharge pipe. Since single-acting pumps with this type of operation have large fluctuations in the amount of water delivered, double-acting or differential reciprocating pumps are used to average out the amount of water delivered. They are suitable for situations where a small amount of water is delivered but a high head is required, and are used for water hydraulics and boilers. Reciprocating pumps with several sets of cylinders and plungers built into the rotor are also used for hydraulics.[Shigeru Ikeo] [Reference item] |©Shogakukan "> Principle of reciprocating pump (single acting type) [Diagram] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
密閉された空間の容積移動によって、液体を圧送する容積型ポンプの一種。吸込み弁と吐出し弁を備えたシリンダー内をピストンまたはプランジャーが往復運動して送水する( )。プランジャーが右に動くときシリンダー内は真空となり、吸込み弁が自動的に開いて水が吸い込まれる。左に動くとき吸込み弁は閉じ、シリンダー内の水は吐出し弁を押し開いて吐出し管へ送り出される。このような作動方式の単動式ポンプでは送水量の変動が大きいので、送水量を平均化するために複動式や差動式往復ポンプが用いられる。送水量は少ないが高揚程を要求される場合に適し、水圧機用、ボイラー用などに使用される。また油圧用には、回転子中に数組のシリンダーとプランジャーを組み込んだ往復ポンプが用いられている。[池尾 茂] [参照項目] |©Shogakukan"> 往復ポンプの原理(単動式)〔図〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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