Gehry, Frank O.

Japanese: ゲーリー(英語表記)Gehry, Frank O.
Gehry, Frank O.
Born February 28, 1929 in Toronto. American architect born in Canada. Full name: Frank Owen Gehry. Former name: Ephraim Owen Goldberg. Moved to the US in 1947, and enrolled in the University of Southern California School of the Arts in 1949 before switching to architecture and graduating in 1954. Studied urban planning at Harvard University from 1956 to 1957. After working at several design firms, he established his own design firm in Los Angeles in 1962, and has since been active mainly in California. As seen in his Villa Familien (1978) and his own house (1978, 1991-94), he became a pioneer of deconstructivism (→Constructivism) by eliminating consistent, self-contained forms and using cheap, common industrial materials. His other works include the California Aerospace Museum (1984), the Biitola Furniture Museum (1987), the Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum at the University of Minnesota (1990-93), the Guggenheim Museum of Art Bilbao (1991-97), and the Walt Disney Concert Hall (2003). In 1986-87, he completed the giant sculpture Fish Dance in Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture. He received the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1989, the National Medal of Arts in 1998, and the American Institute of Architecture Gold Medal in 1999.

Gary
Gary

A city in northwest Indiana, the United States, at the southern end of Lake Michigan. A satellite city of Chicago. It was founded in 1906 when US Steel built a huge steelworks here, located between the iron deposits on Lake Superior to the north and the coal fields to the south, making it convenient for water transportation. In December 1908, steel production began, and affiliated subsidiaries were also concentrated in the area. In 1909, the city was incorporated. Many black workers gathered here during World War I, and in the 1930s they made up more than 16% of the total population. World War II further intensified this trend, and in 1967 a black mayor was elected. The 116-day strike in 1959 is also famous. As the city's economy is almost entirely dependent on steel production, it has been hit hard by the decline in steel production since the 1970s, and there are many unemployed people. There is a branch campus of Indiana University and a public beach on Lake Michigan. Together with neighboring Hammond, it forms a metropolitan area. Population 116,646 (1990).

Gary
Gary, Elbert Henry

Born October 8, 1846, near Wheaton, Illinois
[Died] August 15, 1927. New York, New York. American lawyer and businessman. One of the founders of United States Steel. Initially active in Chicago as a lawyer specializing in corporate and insurance law, he served as an advisor and executive for many emerging companies, and in 1898 became the first president of the newly established Federal Steel. In 1901, Federal Steel was merged to form United States Steel, and Gary was elected chairman of the board of directors. He served in that position for 26 years, developing United States Steel into one of the world's largest steel companies. The industrial city of Gary, Indiana, is named after him.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1929.2.28. トロント
カナダ出身のアメリカ合衆国の建築家。フルネーム Frank Owen Gehry。旧名 Ephraim Owen Goldberg。1947年アメリカに移り,1949年南カリフォルニア大学芸術学部入学後,建築科に転じ,1954年同大学を卒業。1956~57年ハーバード大学で都市計画を学ぶ。いくつかの設計事務所を経て,1962年ロサンゼルスに設計事務所を設立,以後カリフォルニアを中心に活動する。ファミリアン邸(1978),自邸(1978,1991~94)にみられるように,整合的,完結的な形態の排除,安価でありふれた工業的素材を用いるという手法で,脱構成主義(→構成主義)の先駆的存在となる。ほかにカリフォルニア航空宇宙博物館(1984),ビイトラ家具博物館(1987),ミネソタ大学フレデリック・R.ワイズマン美術館(1990~93),グッゲンハイム・ビルバオ美術館(1991~97),ウォルト・ディズニー・コンサートホール(2003)などの作品がある。1986~87年には兵庫県神戸市に巨大オブジェ,フィッシュ・ダンスを完成させた。1989年プリツカー賞,1998年ナショナル・メダル・オブ・アーツ,1999年アメリカ建築協会ゴールド・メダルを受けた。

ゲーリー
Gary

アメリカ合衆国,インディアナ州北西部,ミシガン湖南端にある都市。シカゴの衛星都市。 1906年 USスチール社が,北のスペリオル湖畔の鉄鉱床と南の炭田地帯の中間にあって水上交通に便利なこの地に巨大な製鉄所を建設したのが始り。 08年 12月鉄鋼生産が始められ,関連子会社も付近に集中した。 09年市制施行。第1次世界大戦中に多くの黒人労働者が集り,1930年代には全人口の 16%をこえた。第2次世界大戦はその傾向をさらに増強し,67年には黒人市長が誕生した。また 59年の 116日にわたるストライキは有名。市の経済がほとんど鉄鋼生産に依存するため,70年代以降鉄鋼生産の減少に直撃され,失業者も多い。インディアナ大学分校やミシガン湖公営ビーチがある。隣接するハモンドとともに大都市圏を形成。人口 11万 6646 (1990) 。

ゲーリー
Gary, Elbert Henry

[生]1846.10.8. イリノイ,ウィートン近郊
[没]1927.8.15. ニューヨーク,ニューヨーク
アメリカ合衆国の法律家,実業家。ユナイテッド・ステーツ・スチールの創設者の一人。当初,会社法,保険法専門の弁護士としてシカゴで活躍,多くの新興企業の顧問,役員を務めたのち,1898年新設のフェデラル・スチールの初代社長に就任。1901年フェデラル・スチールはユナイテッド・ステーツ・スチールの創設に際して統合,ゲーリーは取締役会長に選任され,以後 26年間在職,ユナイテッド・ステーツ・スチールを世界最大級の製鉄会社に発展させた。インディアナ州の工業都市ゲーリーは彼の名にちなむ。

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