Kennedy, John Fitzgerald

Japanese: ケネディ(英語表記)Kennedy, John Fitzgerald
Kennedy, John Fitzgerald
Born May 29, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts
[Died] November 22, 1963. Dallas, Texas. American politician. 35th president (in office 1961-63). Graduated from Harvard University in 1940. Became a member of the House of Representatives in 1947, a member of the Senate in 1953, and in January 1961 became the youngest president in history and the first Catholic. He advocated the New Frontier policy and implemented a flexible response strategy abroad, while promoting assistance to developing countries, such as the "Alliance for Progress" plan for Latin America, and worked to restore and stabilize the economy domestically. In April 1961, immediately after taking office, he made a major blunder in the Cuban invasion operation, but in the Cuban incident in October the following year, he took a hard-line stance against the Soviet Union and succeeded in having the missiles removed. In August 1963, he signed the Partial Nuclear Weapons Test Ban Treaty, laying the foundation for a system of peaceful coexistence between the two great powers, the United States and the Soviet Union. However, he deepened his involvement in the Vietnam issue, and relations with China further deteriorated. He was assassinated in Dallas on November 22, 1963, while campaigning in the midst of growing resentment among Southerners over his civil rights policies. He was a gifted writer, and his book, Profiles in Courage (1956), won the Pulitzer Prize in 1957.

Kennedy
Kennedy, Benjamin Hall

Born: 6 November 1804, Summerhill, Birmingham
[Died] April 6, 1889. Tolke. British classical scholar. Graduated from St. John's College, Cambridge. He won the Porson Prize three times for Greek poetry, the first time as a student. He continued his teaching career, and in 1836 succeeded S. Butler as headmaster of his alma mater, Shrewsbury College. More than just a grammarian, he inspired his students with a living passion for classical literature. When he retired in 1866, he was rewarded with a post in Latin at Cambridge University, which came to be called the Kennedy professorship even after his death. From 1867 until his death, he was Regius Professor of Greek and Canon of Ely at Cambridge University. His works include translations of classics, such as the Elementary Latin Primer (1843), The Public Latin Grammar (86) based on this, and its revised version, The Shorter Latin Primer (88), which are still used in British schools today.

Kennedy
Kennedy, Ted

Born: February 22, 1932 in Boston, Massachusetts
[Died] August 25, 2009. Hyannis Port, Massachusetts. American politician. Full name Edward Moore Kennedy. Youngest brother of John F. Kennedy. Graduated from Harvard University in 1956, studied at the International Law School in The Hague, Netherlands, and obtained his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1959. From 1960, he worked on John's presidential campaign with his brother Robert F. Kennedy. He was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Massachusetts in 1962, and was elected seven times thereafter, serving as a senator until his death in 2009. In January 1969, he became the Democratic Party's whip of the Senate, and was expected to be a future presidential candidate, but in July he was involved in a car accident that killed his female secretary, who was with him, and he was hit by a scandal. He lost to James E. Carter in the 1980 Democratic presidential primary. He was active in various situations as a representative of the liberal wing of the Senate, and supported Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential primary. In 2009, he was awarded an Honorary Knighthood of the British Empire and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Kennedy
Kennedy, John Pendleton

Born October 25, 1795 in Baltimore, Maryland
[Died] August 18, 1870. Newport, Rhode Island. American novelist and politician. After graduating from Baltimore College, he became a lawyer before entering politics. As Secretary of the Navy in 1852-53, he organized four expeditions, including the Arctic expedition, including Perry's visit to Japan. He also enjoyed writing, and under the pen name Mark Littleton, he published Swallow Barn (1832), a collection of sketches of rural life in Virginia, and Horse-Shoe Robinson (35), which was themed around the War of Independence. Encouraged by the popularity of these works, he published many historical novels and satirical novels under his real name. He was also a leader of the Baltimore literary movement, and is known for supporting E. A. Poe.

Kennedy
Kennedy, Robert Francis

Born November 20, 1925 in Brookline, Massachusetts
[Died] June 6, 1968, Los Angeles. American politician. Younger brother of President J. Kennedy. Graduated from Harvard University. Served as secretary for his brother John's presidential campaign, and after his election he became Attorney General (1961-64). Elected as a senator from New York in November 1964. In March 1968, he announced his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination. On June 5 of the same year, shortly after winning the California primary, he was shot by a Jordanian immigrant and died the next morning.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1917.5.29. マサチューセッツ,ブルックライン
[没]1963.11.22. テキサス,ダラス
アメリカの政治家。第 35代大統領 (在任 1961~63) 。 1940年ハーバード大学卒業。 47年下院議員,53年上院議員,61年1月史上最年少かつカトリック教徒最初の大統領となった。ニューフロンティア政策を提唱し,対外的には柔軟反応戦略を打出す一方,中南米に対する「進歩のための同盟」計画をはじめとする発展途上国への援助を進め,国内的には景気回復と経済の安定に努めた。就任直後の 61年4月,キューバ侵攻作戦で大失態を演じたが,翌年 10月のキューバ事件では,ソ連に対し強硬な態度でのぞみ,ミサイルを撤去させることに成功した。 63年8月には部分的核兵器実験禁止条約を結び,米ソ両大国の平和共存体制の基礎を築いた。しかしベトナム問題への介入を深め,中国との関係は一段と悪化した。そして公民権政策をめぐり南部人の反感が高まるなかで,63年 11月 22日,遊説先のダラスにおいて暗殺された。文筆の才に富み,著書『勇気ある人々』 Profiles in Courage (1956) は 57年にピュリッツァー賞を受賞。

ケネディ
Kennedy, Benjamin Hall

[生]1804.11.6. バーミンガム,サマーヒル
[没]1889.4.6. トルケー
イギリスの古典学者。ケンブリッジのセント・ジョン・カレッジ卒業。ギリシア語の詩作で3度 Porson賞を獲得したが,最初は学生のときであった。教師生活を続け,1836年 S.バトラーの跡を受継いで母校シュルズベリー校の校長となった。単なる文法学者ではなく,生徒に古典文芸に対する生きた情熱を吹込んだ。 66年隠退の際,褒賞としてケンブリッジ大学にラテン語のポストが設けられ,これは彼の死後も「ケネディ教授のポスト」 the Kennedy professorshipと呼ばれるようになった。 67年から死去するまで,ケンブリッジ大学のギリシア語欽定講座教授とイーリ Elyのカノンをつとめた。著作には古典の編訳があり,『基礎ラテン読本』 Elementary Latin Primer (1843) ,これを底本とする『パブリック・スクール・ラテン文法』 The Public Latin Grammar (86) ,その改訂版『ラテン語小読本』 The Shorter Latin Primer (88) は現在なおイギリスの学校で使用されている。

ケネディ
Kennedy, Ted

[生]1932.2.22. マサチューセッツ,ボストン
[没]2009.8.25. マサチューセッツ,ハイアニスポート
アメリカ合衆国の政治家。フルネーム Edward Moore Kennedy。ジョン・F.ケネディの末弟。1956年ハーバード大学を卒業,その後オランダのハーグにあるインターナショナル・ロースクールで学び,1959年バージニア大学で法学士号を取得。1960年から兄ロバート・F.ケネディとともにジョンの大統領選挙運動に携わった。1962年マサチューセッツ州から連邦議会上院議員に初当選,その後 7回当選を重ね,2009年に死去するまで上院議員を務めた。1969年1月上院の民主党院内幹事に就任し,将来の大統領候補と期待されたが,7月自動車事故を起こし,同乗していた女性秘書が死亡するスキャンダルに見舞われた。1980年民主党大統領予備選挙でジェームズ・E.カーターに敗れた。上院リベラル派の代表としてさまざまな場面で活躍し,2008年の大統領予備選挙ではバラク・オバマを支持した。2009年大英帝国名誉爵位を授与され,大統領自由勲章を受章した。

ケネディ
Kennedy, John Pendleton

[生]1795.10.25. メリーランド,ボルティモア
[没]1870.8.18. ロードアイランド,ニューポート
アメリカの小説家,政治家。ボルティモア・カレッジ卒業後弁護士を経て政界に入り,1852~53年海軍長官として北極をはじめとする4次の探検隊を組織。ペリーの日本訪問もその一つである。一方文筆を好み,Mark Littletonの筆名でバージニアの田園生活を描いたスケッチ集『つばめ小屋』 Swallow Barn (1832) ,独立戦争に題材を取った『ホースシュー・ロビンソン』 Horse-Shoe Robinson (35) を発表。これらの好評に力を得て多くの歴史小説,風刺小説などを本名で発表した。彼はまたボルティモアの文学運動の指導者で,E.A.ポーを援助したことでも有名。

ケネディ
Kennedy, Robert Francis

[生]1925.11.20. マサチューセッツ,ブルックライン
[没]1968.6.6. ロサンゼルス
アメリカの政治家。 J.ケネディ大統領の弟。ハーバード大学卒業。兄ジョンの大統領選挙戦に事務長として活躍,当選後司法長官となった (1961~64) 。 1964年 11月ニューヨーク州から上院議員に当選。 68年3月民主党の大統領候補選挙に出馬声明。同年6月5日カリフォルニア州予備選挙に勝利を収めた直後,ヨルダン系移民に狙撃され,翌朝死亡。

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