Swiss physician, naturalist, and linguist. After receiving an education in theology and ancient Hebrew under Protestant influence, he studied medicine at the universities of Bruges, Paris, and Basel, receiving his doctorate at the age of 25. During that time he taught Greek at the University of Lausanne. He later practiced medicine in Zurich for the rest of his life, but he often traveled to the Alps and the Adriatic Sea, where he worked to collect materials for natural history. He died of the plague that began in Brazil and spread to Zurich. His achievements were many. His Bibliotheca Vniversalis (1545-1555) refers to the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew documents of the time, and laid the foundations of bibliography. His Opera botanica (2 volumes, 1551-1571) and Historia animalium (5 volumes, 1551-1558) were the culminations of the natural history of the time, and were published even after his death. In the former he drew around 1,500 illustrations himself, and in the latter he arranged the names of animals in alphabetical order over 4,500 pages. [Masayuki Obayashi June 19, 2018] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
スイスの医師、博物学者、言語学者。プロテスタントの影響の下に神学や古代ヘブライ語の教育を受けたのち、ブリュージュ、パリ、バーゼルの各大学で医学を学び、25歳で学位を取得。その間ローザンヌ大学でギリシア語を教えた。のちにチューリヒで終生医業を続けたが、アルプスやアドリア海によく旅をし、博物学の資料収集に努めた。その死は、ブラジルに端を発し、チューリヒに及んだペストによったとされる。業績は多岐にわたる。『万有書誌』Bibliotheca Vniversalis(1545~1555)は当時のラテン語、ギリシア語、ヘブライ語の文献に言及し、書誌学の基礎を築いた。また『植物大鑑』Opera botanica2巻(1551~1571)と『動物誌』Historia animalium5巻(1551~1558)は当時の博物学の集大成であり、その刊行は死後にも及び、前者では自ら1500ほどの図を描き、後者では4500ページにわたり動物名を、アルファベット順を原則に配列している。 [大林雅之 2018年6月19日] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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