A theory on the meaning and basis of punishment and criminal law. Greek philosophers had already given two answers to the fundamental question of criminal law theory, namely, in what sense punishment is imposed. The first was "because a crime has been committed," and the second was "to prevent a crime from being committed." The former was the prototype of retributive theory, and the latter was the prototype of teleological theory. This debate has gone through much discussion, especially since the Enlightenment, during the formation and development of modern criminal law, and continues to this day. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
刑罰や刑法の意味・根拠等に関する理論。刑罰はどのような意味で科せられるかという刑法理論の根本問題については,すでにギリシアの哲学者が二つの答えを出していた。その一は,〈罪が犯されたから〉というものであり,その二は,〈罪が犯されないようにするために〉というものであった。前者は応報刑論の原型であり,後者は目的刑論の原型である。この論争は,とくに啓蒙時代以来,近代刑法学の形成・展開過程で多くの論議を経て現在まで続けられている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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