Kyoto News - Keiho

A type of newspaper published in China from the end of the Ming dynasty to the Qing dynasty. In China, there was an official gazette called "Di Pao" since the Tang dynasty, but in the mid-16th century, the Ming dynasty allowed private citizens to publish excerpts of articles from "Di Pao" by woodblock printing or mimeograph printing under government supervision. This became "Jing Pao," but it is sometimes confused with "Di Pao." The readers were mainly government officials, intellectuals, and wealthy merchants, and the publishers were usually located in Beijing and called "Baofang." By the end of the Qing dynasty, there were more than a dozen publishers, including Ju Xing, Ju Sheng, and Ju Heng. By this time, wood and lead type were used, and small pamphlets of 8 to 10 pages per day (about 22 cm long x 9 cm wide) were published, with a circulation of over 10,000. Because they had yellow covers, they were also called "Yellow Skin Beijing News."

[Akihiko Sunohara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国で明(みん)代末期から主として清(しん)代にかけて発行された新聞の一種。中国では唐代から『邸報』とよばれる官報があったが、16世紀の中期になって明は、政府の監督の下で民間に『邸報』の記事を抄録して木版または謄写印刷で公刊することを許した。これが『京報』だが、ときには『邸報』と混同してよばれる。読者はおもに官吏、知識人、大商人で、発行所はたいてい北京(ペキン)にあって、報房といわれ、清朝末期には、聚興(しゅうこう)、聚陞(しゅうしょう)、聚恒(しゅうこう)など十数か所以上に達した。このころになると木活字、鉛活字を使用、1日8ページから十数ページまでの小冊子（縦22センチメートル×横9センチメートルくらい）で、部数は1万余といわれ、黄表紙だったので『黄皮京報(こうひけいほう)』ともよばれた。

［春原昭彦］

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