Beautiful woman

Japanese: 傾城 - けいせい

It means a beautiful woman and a prostitute. Based on the expression "one glance at a castle, another glance at a country," in the Chinese classics, it refers to a beautiful woman who is favored by a ruler and can destroy (destroy) a country (castle), and later became a synonym for a prostitute. It is often used in Joruri and Kabuki roles, and is considered one of the basic roles for female actors. In Kamigata Kabuki in particular, it was customary to add the characters "Keisei," "Keijo," and "Keisei" to the title, such as "Keisei Asama Goku" and "Keisei Mibu Dainenbutsu." In Kabuki dance, there are many variations, and it is thought that the fact that a leading actor plays the role of a Keisei shows the unexpectedness and power of the art. Nakamura Utaemon III's "Karisome no Keisei" and Nakamura Shikan II's "Koi Keisei" (Shikan Keisei) are the most well-known. Both are Nagauta, and the name is taken from the opening phrase. The former is one of the seven variations in "Osozakurate ni wa no nanamoji" (Late Cherry Blossoms, Seven Letters), performed at the Edo Nakamura-za in 1811. The lyrics were written by Nakagawa Atsusuke and Matsui Kozo, and the music was composed by Kineya Rokuzaemon. The latter is one of the seven variations in "Nijirigaki na natsu iro ha" (Seven Waves, Seven Word ...

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

美人の意，および遊女の意。漢書に美人を「一顧傾人城，再顧傾人国」と表現したのに基づき，古来君主の寵愛を受けて国 (城) を滅ぼす (傾ける) ほどの美女をさし，のちに遊女の同義語となった。浄瑠璃，歌舞伎の役柄に多く取入れられ，女方の基本の一つとされる。特に上方歌舞伎では『傾城浅間獄』『傾城壬生大念仏』など，「傾城」「契情」「けいせい」の字を外題につける習慣があった。歌舞伎舞踊では変化物に多く，立役が傾城を演じることで，意外性と芸の力を示したものと思われる。3世中村歌右衛門の『仮初 (かりそめの) 傾城』と2世中村芝翫の『恋傾城』 (『芝翫傾城』) が最も知られる。ともに長唄で，名称はうたい出しの文句からとられた。前者は文化8 (1811) 年江戸中村座の『遅桜手爾葉七字 (おそざくらてにはのななもじ) 』の七変化の一つ。作詞奈河篤助，松井幸三，作曲杵屋六左衛門。後者は文政 11 (1828) 年同座の『拙筆力七以呂波 (にじりがきななついろは) 』の七変化の一つで，作詞2世瀬川如皐，作曲4世杵屋三郎助 (10世六左衛門) 。長唄の曲としては，ほかに数曲が伝わる。

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