Kaku-ko - Kaku

Japanese: 挂甲 - けいこう
Kaku-ko - Kaku

A defensive equipment made by stitching together small metal plates. It is believed to have originated in the Orient. In China, it developed after the Warring States period, and in the mid-5th century, it was introduced to Japan via Korea along with the art of horse riding. Although small metal plates are occasionally plated with gilt bronze, most examples are made of iron. The small metal plates that make up a single piece of armor come in several types, depending on length and width, for example, the waist area uses long, thin metal plates with a distinctive curve. In the case of armor, the torso and skirt are usually made in one piece, but leather cords and braids are used to connect the small metal plates, making it easier to move around than short armor. Accessories include a collar, shoulder armor, gauntlets, and shin guards, and it was a weapon for cavalry. There are very few examples of kaku armor that we know of in their entirety, but we can get an idea of ​​how they were worn from clay figurines of warriors from the 6th and 7th centuries. From the 6th century onwards, kaku armor became the mainstream form of defensive equipment, replacing short armor. Incidentally, of the "Imperial Armor 100 Armor" listed in the "Todaiji Temple Offerings Book," 90 pieces are kaku armor. Kaku armor from the Kofun period changed to kaku armor preserved in Shosoin, and then to the large armor of the Heian period.

[Kenichi Kobayashi]

[Reference] | Short armor

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

小札(こざね)をつづり合わせてつくった防御具。その起源はオリエントにあると推定される。中国では、戦国時代以降に発達し、5世紀中葉には、騎馬の術とともに朝鮮を経て日本に伝わっていた。小札はまれに金銅装(こんどうそう)のものもあるが、ほとんどの例が鉄製である。挂甲一領を構成する小札には、たとえば、腰の部分には、特徴的な湾曲を示す細長い小札を用いているというように、長さや幅などにいくつかの種類があった。挂甲の場合、通常、胴部と草摺(くさずり)を一連につくっているが、小札をつなぐのに革紐(かわひも)や組緒(くみお)を用いているため、短甲に比べて動きやすい。付属具には、襟(えり)、肩甲(かたよろい)、籠手(こて)、臑当(すねあて)などがあり、騎兵用の武具であった。挂甲の完全な姿を知りうる例は非常に少ないが、6~7世紀の武人埴輪(はにわ)により、その着装状態をうかがうことができる。6世紀以降、短甲にかわって防御具の主流となった。ちなみに、『東大寺献物帳(けんもつちょう)』に記載されている「御甲壹佰具」のうちの90具は挂甲である。古墳時代の挂甲から、正倉院に伝わる挂甲を経て、平安時代の大鎧(おおよろい)へと変化した。

[小林謙一]

[参照項目] | 短甲

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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