Pierre Klossowski

Japanese: クロソウスキー - くろそうすきー(英語表記)Pierre Klossowski
Pierre Klossowski

French writer and thinker. Born in Paris to painter parents. His father was also an art historian and was friends with writers Gide and Rilke. The painter Balthus was his younger brother. At one point he studied theology with the aim of becoming a priest and joined the Dominican Order, but in 1945 he returned to secular life. On the other hand, from the 1930s he interacted with various writers and artists, and was particularly influenced by Georges Bataille. His work My Neighbor Sade, published in 1947, was a milestone in the restoration of Sade's power in the 20th century, and at the same time marked a shift in Klossowski's thought. As this transition from theology to Sade studies shows, Klossowski was a Catholic fascinated by heresy, and a writer who mixed the seduction of eroticism with mysticism. Her most famous novels are probably the "Rules of Hospitality" trilogy, consisting of "Robert tonight" (1953), "Revoke the Edict of Nantes" (1959), and "Teleprompter" (1960). In this trilogy, set in the bourgeoisie of Paris, the female protagonist Roberto gives herself to random men in front of her husband Octave. Even after becoming a deputy, she tries to seduce unknown men by posing provocatively, but pleasure is not her goal. Erotic scenes are often interspersed with difficult religious discussions. Octave analyzes and tries to recreate the works of a 19th century painter. Other works include the novel "Baphomet" (1965), and the essays "So Sinister Desire" (1963) and "Nietzsche and the Vicious Circle" (1969). He also showed an interest in film, and even starred as Octave in a film based on The Rules of Hospitality.

[Takamasa Ogura]

"The Shadow of the Flesh" translated by Toshiaki Kojima (1967, Togensha)""Such a Sinister Desire" translated by Toshiaki Kojima (1969, Gendai Shichosha)""Baphomet" translated by Toshiaki Kojima (1985, Peyotl Kobo)""The Rules of Hospitality, new edition, translated by Makoto Wakabayashi and Dan Nagai (1987, Kawade Shobo Shinsha)""Diana's Bathing" translated by Koichi Toyosaki and Jun Miyagawa (1988, Shoshi Kaze no Bara)""Nietzsche and the Vicious Circle, translated by Masakatsu Kaneko (1989, Tetsugaku Shobo)" ▽ "The Roman Ladies: The Ritual and Mythical Origin of Certain Behaviors, translated by Fumio Chiba (1989, Tetsugaku Shobo)""My Neighbor Sade, translated by Koichi Toyosaki (1991, Shobunsha)""Resemblance," translated by Shimizu Tadashi (1992, Peyotl Kobo)""Living Money," translated by Kaneko Masakatsu (2000, Seidosha)""Outside Thinking: Blanchot, Bataille, Klossowski," by Michel Foucault, translated by Toyosaki Koichi (1978, Asahi Press)""Pierre Klossowski, by Alain Arnaud, translated by Nomura Hideo and Sugihara Sei (1998, Kokubunsha)"

[References] | Sade | Dominicans | Bataille | Balthus

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの作家、思想家。画家を両親としてパリに生まれる。父は美術史家でもあり、作家のジッドやリルケと親交があった。画家バルチュスは実弟にあたる。一時期、聖職者を志して神学を学び、ドミニコ会に入るが1945年には世俗の生活にもどった。他方で1930年代からさまざまな文学者、芸術家たちと交流し、とりわけジョルジュ・バタイユの影響を受ける。1947年に刊行された『わが隣人サド』は20世紀におけるサド復権の里程標となった作品であり、同時にクロソウスキーの思想的転回を画すものとなった。この神学からサド研究への移行が示すように、クロソウスキーは異端に魅せられたカトリックであり、エロスの誘惑と神秘主義を混在させた作家である。小説の代表作は『ロベルトは今夜』(1953)、『ナントの勅令破棄』(1959)、そして『プロンプター』(1960)からなる『歓待の掟(おきて)』三部作であろう。パリの上流ブルジョア社会を背景にしたこの三部作では、女主人公ロベルトが夫オクターブが見ている前で行きずりの男たちに身を任せる。やがて代議士になってからも、未知の男を挑発的なポーズで誘惑しようとするが、快楽が彼女の目的ではない。そしてエロティックな場面と交錯するようなかたちで、しばしば難解な宗教的議論が繰り広げられる。オクターブのほうは、ある19世紀の画家の作品を分析しながらそれを再現しようとする。ほかには、小説『バフォメット』(1965)、評論『かくも不吉な欲望』(1963)、『ニーチェと悪循環』(1969)などがある。また映画にも関心を示し、『歓待の掟』に基づいて製作された映画に自らオクターブ役で出演したこともある。

[小倉孝誠]

『小島俊明訳『肉の影』(1967・桃源社)』『小島俊明訳『かくも不吉な欲望』(1969・現代思潮社)』『小島俊明訳『バフォメット』(1985・ペヨトル工房)』『若林真・永井旦訳『歓待の掟』新装版(1987・河出書房新社)』『豊崎光一・宮川淳訳『ディアーナの水浴』(1988・書肆風の薔薇)』『兼子正勝訳『ニーチェと悪循環』(1989・哲学書房)』『千葉文夫訳『ローマの貴婦人――ある種の行動の祭祀的にして神話的な起源』(1989・哲学書房)』『豊崎光一訳『わが隣人サド』(1991・晶文社)』『清水正訳『ルサンブランス』(1992・ペヨトル工房)』『兼子正勝訳『生きた貨幣』(2000・青土社)』『ミシェル・フーコー著、豊崎光一訳『外の思考――ブランショ・バタイユ・クロソウスキー』(1978・朝日出版社)』『アラン・アルノー著、野村英夫・杉原整訳『ピエール・クロソウスキー』(1998・国文社)』

[参照項目] | サド | ドミニコ会 | バタイユ | バルチュス

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