British organic chemist. Born in Brentfold. Studied at King's College London, University of Zurich, and ETH Zurich, graduating from the University of London in 1878. Conducted research on textile bleaching, cellulose, lignin, etc. In 1892, together with Bevan, he discovered viscose fiber and obtained a patent for its manufacture. He also discovered cellulose esters. He provided chemical guidance for the pulp and paper industries, and created the technical foundations of the rayon industry. In 1916, he was awarded the Research Medal by the Society of Chemical Industry for "outstanding contributions to the chemical industry," and in 1918, he received the medal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists. In 1923, he was also awarded the Perkin Medal by the Society of Chemical Industry, which is awarded to American scientists who have contributed to the development of the industry in the field of applied chemistry. [Wataru Kawanobe] [Reference items] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの有機化学者。ブレントフォールドの生まれ。ロンドンのキングズカレッジ、チューリヒ大学、チューリヒ工科大学に学び、1878年ロンドン大学を卒業。繊維の漂白、セルロース、リグニンなどに関する研究を行った。1892年ビーバンとともにビスコース繊維を発見、製造の特許を得た。さらにセルロースエステルを発見した。パルプ、製紙業界の化学的指導を行い、レーヨン工業の技術的基礎をつくった。1916年に「著しい化学工業に対する貢献」に対し化学工業協会からリサーチメダルを贈られ、1918年には染色家色彩専門家協会Society of Dyers and Colouristsのメダルを受賞。さらに化学工業協会から応用化学分野で産業の進展に功績のあった在米科学者に贈られるパーキンメダルを1923年に受賞した。 [川野辺渉] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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