This enzyme is involved in the synthesis of glycogen in the liver and muscles, and catalyzes the reaction uridine diphosphate glucose + (glucose) n - → uridine diphosphate + (glucose) n + 1 to form a linear polymer of glucose linked by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. A different branching enzyme is involved in the formation of the branched structure characteristic of glycogen. In cells, it is usually present bound to glycogen granules. The activity of this enzyme is regulated by a complex interplay of factors such as phosphorylation of the enzyme protein, glucose-6-phosphate, and glycogen. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
肝臓や筋肉におけるグリコーゲンの合成に関与する酵素であり,ウリジン二リン酸グルコース+(グルコース)n―→ウリジン二リン酸+(グルコース)n+1の反応を触媒し,α‐1,4‐グリコシド結合によってつながったグルコースの直線状重合体を形成する。グリコーゲンに特有の枝分れ構造の形成にはこれとは別種の分枝酵素が関与している。ふつう,細胞中ではグリコーゲン顆粒(かりゆう)に結合して存在する。この酵素の活性の調節には,酵素タンパク質のリン酸化,グルコース‐6‐リン酸,グリコーゲンなどの諸要素が複雑にからみ合っている。
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