...Therefore, in the Roman era, it was applied to the eastern part of the empire, and of course it was also used to refer to the eastern part outside the empire. The opposite word to the Orient is the Occident (Latin occidens, meaning "where the sun sets" or "west"). The fact that people in Western Europe called themselves the Occident and contrasted the Orient with the Eastern world with a different culture was deeply connected to the process in which the Roman Empire was divided into East and West and Western Europe formed its own world. In this case, the Orient first meant the Byzantine Empire and then the Islamic world. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Occident" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがって,ローマ時代には帝国内の東部にたいしても適用され,もちろん帝国外の東方を指す場合にももちいられた。オリエントと対になる語はオクシデントOccident(ラテン語occidens〈日没するところ〉〈西方〉)であるが,西ヨーロッパの人々がみずからをオクシデントと称し,オリエントを異質の文化をもった東方世界として対置させるようになるのは,ローマ帝国が東西に分裂し,西ヨーロッパが自己の世界を形成していく過程と深くかかわっていた。その場合のオリエントはまずビザンティン帝国であり,次いでイスラム世界を意味した。… ※「Occident」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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