A branch of mathematics that considers the number of ways things can be selected and arranged according to rules that have combinatorial properties. It is also called combinatorial mathematics. Examples of combinatorial theory include permutation and combination problems that examine how many ways there are to select several things from a set, linear programming that considers maximizing or minimizing a given linear inequality under the condition that many variables satisfy several linear inequalities, investigating the combinatorial properties of graphs that resemble unicursal patterns, and considering the existence of orthogonal Latin squares such as Euler squares. These are all examples of combinatorial theory, and its subjects can be found in almost all fields of mathematics. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
物の,組合せ的性質をもつ規則による選び方や,配列のしかたの数を考察する数学の一分野。組合せ数学とも呼ばれる。ある集合からいくつかのものを選び出す方法が何通りあるかを調べる順列・組合せの問題,多くの変数がいくつかの一次不等式を満たすという条件の下で,与えられた一次不等式を最大または最小にすることを考える線形計画法,一筆書きのようなグラフの組合せ的性質を調べること,オイラー方陣のような直交するラテン方陣の存在を考察するなど,これらは組合せ理論の例であり,数学のほとんど全分野に,その対象を見いだすことができる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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