Gutta-percha (English spelling)

Japanese: グッタペルカ - ぐったぺるか(英語表記)gutta-percha
Gutta-percha (English spelling)

It is a natural resin formed from the sap of the Malaysian native Palaquium genus plant (scientific name: Palaquium gutta ), which belongs to the Sapotaceae family. Its main component is trans-1,4-polyisoprene, a geometric isomer of natural rubber.


It has a molecular weight one-tenth that of natural rubber, has strong intermolecular forces, and is a hard white to reddish brown solid. When heated above 50°C it becomes soft and plastic. It is soluble in benzene and chloroform, and is attacked by concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid, but is stable in other acids and alkalis. It has high electrical insulation properties and was used as a coating for undersea electric cables from the late 19th century, but was replaced by polyethylene in the late 20th century. It is used for the outer shell of golf balls and as a dental filling agent, and was once used for covering camera bodies.

[Kazuyoshi Fukuda]

[Reference item] | Gutta percha | Polyisoprene

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

マレーシア原産のアカテツ科パラキウム属の植物(学名:Palaquium gutta)の樹液が固まった天然樹脂で、ガタパーチャともいう。主成分はトランス-1,4-ポリイソプレンであり、天然ゴムの幾何異性体である。


天然ゴムに比較して分子量が10分の1以下で、分子間力が大きく、白~赤褐色の硬い固体である。50℃以上に加熱すると軟らかく可塑性を示す。ベンゼンやクロロホルムに可溶で、濃硝酸と濃硫酸に侵されるが、その他の酸やアルカリには安定である。電気絶縁性が高く、19世紀後半から海底電線の被覆に用いられたが、20世紀後半にポリエチレンで置き換えられている。ゴルフボール外皮や歯科医療充填(じゅうてん)剤の用途があり、かつてカメラのボディの貼皮に使われた。

[福田和吉]

[参照項目] | グッタペルカノキ | ポリイソプレン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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