Ward chief - kucho

Japanese: 区長 - くちょう

The heads of the 23 special wards of Tokyo and wards of ordinance-designated cities (→ Ward system). Since the 1952 amendment to the Local Autonomy Law, the mayors of special wards have been appointed by the ward assembly with the consent of the Tokyo governor from among those who have the right to vote for the members of the special ward assembly and are 25 years of age or older. However, after a quasi-public election system in some special wards, the 1974 amendment to the Local Autonomy Law made them publicly elected, just like mayors of cities and towns. Since the provisions for cities apply to special wards (Local Autonomy Law, 283), ward mayors have almost the same authority as mayors in principle. In contrast, wards of ordinance-designated cities are not autonomous districts with autonomy, but administrative districts established by ordinance to divide the affairs that fall under the mayor's authority (Article 252, Paragraph 20), and ward mayors are appointed by the mayor from among city employees and execute affairs under the mayor's direction and supervision. However, it is permitted to establish comprehensive wards to carry out matters that fall under the mayor's authority and that relate to the boundaries of specific wards (Article 252-20-2), and the mayor of a comprehensive ward is appointed with the approval of the assembly and is given certain authority, such as being in charge of the policies of the ward in question.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

東京都の 23特別区および政令指定都市の区（→区制）の長。特別区の区長は 1952年の地方自治法の改正以来，特別区の議会の議員の選挙権を有しかつ満 25歳以上の者のなかから，特別区の議会によって，都知事の同意を得て，任命されていたが，一部の特別区における準公選制を経て，1974年の地方自治法の改正で，市町村長と同じく公選されることになった。特別区は市に関する規定が適用されるため（地方自治法283），区長は原則として市長とほぼ同等の権限を有する。これに対し，政令指定都市の区は自治権をもつ自治区ではなく，市長の権限に属する事務を分掌させるため条例で設置される行政区であり（252条の20），区長は市の職員のなかから市長により任命され，市長の指揮監督のもと事務を執行する。ただし，市長の権限に属する事務のうち特定の区の区域内に関するものを執行させるため総合区を置くことが認められており（252条の20の2），総合区の区長は議会の承認を経て任命され，当該区の政策を司るなど一定の権限が与えられる。

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