`Abd Allah, Sheikh Mohammad

Japanese: アブドゥッラー（英語表記）`Abd Allāh， Sheikh Mohammad

Born: December 5, 1905, Soura, Srinagar
[Died] September 8, 1982, Srinagar, Sowra. Indian politician. Graduated from Lahore University and Aligarh Muslim University. Aiming to reform the Kashmir princely state, he founded the Muslim Conference in 1932. After World War II, he was arrested in the movement to expel the prince. When the first Indo-Pakistani war broke out in 1947 over the issue of Kashmir's affiliation, he became the first chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir and concluded an agreement to solidify Kashmir's affiliation to India. However, he placed too much emphasis on Kashmir's autonomy, and was arrested in 1953. After repeated releases and arrests, he returned to his position as chief minister in February 1975. He was re-elected in 1977.

Abdullah
Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir Munshi

Born: 1796. Malacca
Died in 1854. Malay teacher and writer in Mecca. An Arab Tamil Malay, he spent most of his life in Malacca and Singapore, which were under British rule. In 1811, he became the youngest secretary to T. Raffles, who arrived in Malacca, and became his great admirer. From then on, he served as a language teacher to British rulers and missionaries. He left behind excellent records of his time in poetry, travel writings, and autobiographies, and is considered the father of modern Malay literature. His works include Hikayat Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir Munshi (1849), Autobiography of Abdullah.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1905.12.5. スリナガル，ソウラ
[没]1982.9.8. スリナガル，ソウラ
インドの政治家。ラホール大学，アリーガル・イスラム教大学卒業。カシミール藩王国の改革運動を目指し，1932年イスラム教徒会議を結成。第2次世界大戦後，藩王追放運動で逮捕された。 47年カシミールの帰属問題で，第1次印パ戦争が起ると，ジャンムカシミール州の初代首相になり，インドへの帰属を固める協定を結んだ。しかしカシミールの自治を強調しすぎて，53年逮捕され，その後釈放と逮捕の繰返しののち，75年2月州首相に復帰。 77年再選。

アブドゥッラー
Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir Munshi

[生]1796. マラッカ
[没]1854. メッカ
マレーのマレー語教師，著述家。アラブ・タミール系のマレー人で，生涯のほとんどをイギリス支配下のマラッカとシンガポールで過した。 1811年マラッカにやってきた T.ラッフルズの最年少の書記となって彼の心酔者となった。以来，イギリス人支配者や宣教師の語学教師をつとめた。詩，紀行文，自伝などで同時代のすぐれた記録を残し，近代マレー文学の祖とされる。『アブドゥッラー自伝』 Hikayat Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir Munshi (1849) がある。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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