Pipe fittings - fittings

Japanese: 管継手 - くだつぎて
Pipe fittings - fittings

A mechanical part used at joints when connecting pipes, changing the direction of a pipe, or extending a branch pipe. Broadly speaking, there are removable pipe fittings, which can be removed, and permanent fittings, which are fixed in place. Removable pipe fittings include threaded fittings, which are connected by cutting a thread into the pipe, flange fittings, which are used where the pipe diameter is large, and spigot fittings, which can be used to join pipes even when the center lines of the pipes do not line up. Permanent fittings are mainly used in the case of high-pressure pipes, where pipes are joined by welding to prevent the contents inside the pipe from leaking out. In this case, it is necessary to provide some removable pipe fittings to make it easier to repair if the pipeline is damaged.

The ones used to connect gas pipes are called threaded gas pipe fittings, and there are many different types depending on the application, such as elbows that connect pipes at right angles, tees that connect to T shapes, 90 degree wye that connect to Y shapes, crosses that connect to cross shapes, and return bends that connect to U shapes.

Spigot joints use materials such as lead, hemp, rubber, or cotton for the joint, and allow for a slight misalignment of the centerlines of the two pipes being joined. Flange joints, which are used where the pipes are large in diameter, have the advantage of being easy to install and remove. A circular ring is fitted into the pipe and the outside of the ring is bolted. When attaching circular objects to pipes, they are threaded and screwed, welded, or riveted. Where the pipes expand and contract, corrugated expandable joints or structures that allow one pipe to slide inside the other are used. U-shaped double-biased bends or circular bends are also used at the pipe connection to adjust for pipe expansion and contraction.

[Hidetaro Nakayama]

Main types of pipe fittings (threaded gas pipe fittings)
©Shogakukan ">

Main types of pipe fittings (threaded gas pipe fittings…


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

管と管とを接続したり、管の方向を変えたり、枝管を出したりする場合に継目に用いる機械部品。大別すれば、取り外しのできる取外し管継手と、固定してしまう永久継手とがある。取外し管継手には、管にねじを切って接続するねじ込み継手、管径の大きいところに用いるフランジ継手、管の中心線が一致しないときでも接合できるいんろう継手などがある。永久継手はおもに高圧管などの場合、管の中の内容物が外に漏れないようにするため、管を溶接して接合するものである。この際、管路が破損したような場合の修理を容易にするために一部に取り外しのできる管継手を設けておくことが必要である。

 ガス管を接続するのに使われるものをねじ込みガス管継手というが、用途により多くの種類がある。管を直角に接続するエルボ、T形に接続するティー、Y形に接続する90度ワイ、十字形に接続するクロス、U形に接続する返しベンドなどがある。

 いんろう継手は接合部に鉛、麻、ゴム、木綿などを用い、接合する二つの管の中心線が多少ずれていてもよいようになっている。管の直径が大きいところに使われるフランジ継手は取り付け、取り外しが容易にできる長所がある。管に円形の輪をはめ込み、円形外側をボルト締めする。円形状のものを管に取り付ける際は、ねじを切ってねじ込んだり、溶接したり、リベット締めしたりする。管が伸縮するところには波形の伸縮する継手や一方の管が他方の管の中を滑ることができるような構造が用いられる。U形に曲げた両かたよりベンドや円形にした円ベンドを管の接続部に入れて、管の伸縮を調整することも行われている。

[中山秀太郎]

管継手のおもな種類(ねじ込みガス管継手)
©Shogakukan">

管継手のおもな種類(ねじ込みガス管継手…


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