A cylindrical bamboo-shaped bead, used mainly as an ornament. There were a few stone and bird bone ones in the Jomon period, but they became common from the Yayoi period onwards. They were popular in the Kofun period, but their use decreased in the later period and were almost nonexistent in the Nara period. Yayoi period ones are made of jasper and iron quartz, and are mostly small, about 1-2 cm long and 0.3 cm in diameter. Recently, glass tubular beads have been discovered more and more. In the Kofun period, they generally became larger, about 3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm in diameter, but some are as large as nearly 10 cm long. Jasper was the most common material, but talc, crystal, glass, and agate were also used. Among the Nara period treasures in the Shosoin Repository are some made of gilt bronze, coral, and agate. It is known that tubular beads were made by specialized bead craftsmen as early as the Yayoi period. [Mochizuki Mikio] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
円筒形をした竹管状の玉で、主として装身具として使われた。縄文時代に石製、鳥骨製のものがすこしあるが、一般化してくるのは弥生(やよい)時代になってからで、古墳時代に盛行するが、後期には減少し、奈良時代にはほとんどみられなくなる。弥生時代のものは碧玉(へきぎょく)、鉄石英(てつせきえい)製で、長さ1~2センチメートル、径0.3センチメートル程度の小形のものが多い。最近、ガラス製管玉の発見例が増えてきている。古墳時代には全体的に大形化し、長さ3センチメートル、径0.5~1センチメートル程度が普通であるが、なかには長さ10センチメートル近い大形品もある。材料は碧玉が多く、滑石(かっせき)、水晶、ガラス、めのうなども使われた。奈良時代には正倉院宝物のなかに金銅(こんどう)、サンゴ、めのう製のものがすこしある。管玉の製作はすでに弥生時代から、専門の玉作工人によって行われていたことが知られている。 [望月幹夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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