Xenocrates - Xenokrates

Japanese: クセノクラテス - くせのくらてす(英語表記)Xenokrates
Xenocrates - Xenokrates

An ancient Greek philosopher from Chalcedon in Asia Minor. He went to Athens around 380 BC to study under Plato, and served as the third head of the Academy from 339 BC until his death. He tried to be a faithful successor to his teacher, but he had a stronger mathematical tendency than the second head, Speusippus, and taught that ideas and numbers are the same thing. Aristotle lamented them, saying, "For people today, mathematics has become philosophy." He also liked schematic systems, and is said to have proposed theories such as that the object of knowledge is outside the sky, the objects of the senses are within the sky, and the heavens themselves are the objects of speculation.

[Yoshihide Tanaka January 20, 2015]

[References] | Academe | Speusippus | Platonism

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代ギリシアの哲学者。小アジアのカルケドンの人。紀元前380年ごろアテネに出てプラトンに師事し、前339年から没するまでアカデメイアの第3代学頭を務めた。師説の忠実な後継者たらんとしたが、第2代学頭のスペウシッポスよりもさらに数学的傾向を強め、イデアと数とは同じものであると説いた。アリストテレスは彼らのことを「いまの人々にとっては数学が哲学となった」と嘆いている。また図式的体系を好み、知の対象は天空の外、感覚の対象は天空の内、天体そのものは臆見(おくけん)の対象、といった説をたてたらしい。

[田中享英 2015年1月20日]

[参照項目] | アカデメイア | スペウシッポス | プラトン学派

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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