Tsubo - Pot

Japanese: 坪 - つぼ

〘Noun〙 [1]① Courtyard. Refers to a garden between buildings or inside a fence. It is said that the area is surrounded and lower, likening it to a "jar" and is related to the verb "tsubom". ※Makura (end of the 10th century) 87 "There is no place that has not been covered in snow today, even the jar in front of the Emperor ."② By extension, it refers to a room in the Imperial Palace. Each room in the Imperial Palace had its own inner garden, and the garden or the room facing the garden was named after the plants planted there. Tsubone. ※Kokin (905-914) Autumn, 190, Preface "Written while people gathered around the jar of light and recited a song mourning the autumn night."③ The grid of a lattice . A part surrounded by lattices . One frame. ※Makura (end of the 10th century) 200 "As if leaves were placed in a lattice vase" [2] A unit of area. ① A unit of land area. In the early modern period, it was one ken square. It is six shaku square in carpenter's rule. It is about 3.3 square meters. In 1891, the Weights and Measures Act stipulated that "a bu is six shaku square per tsubo." [Daijo-in Temple and Shrine Miscellaneous Records - December 30, 1477] ② A unit used to measure precious flat objects such as brocade, chintz, and leather. It refers to one shaku square or one sun square. ※Shoki (720), Jitō 4th year, April (Kitano Honin), "One part ( hitotsuho ) no ayau suhata" ③ A unit used to measure the area of a printing plate in printing plate making. One sun square. [Bookbinding and Printing (1948)] ④ Ryutsubo. A unit for measuring the volume of earth and sand. Six shaku cubic. Approximately 6.0 cubic meters. ⑤ A unit for measuring the amount of timber. Refers to the amount of timber piled up to six shaku, four shaku, or three shaku. Approximately two cubic meters. [3] A unit of land division under the jori system. ① The name of a section of land obtained by dividing each side of a square 6-cho block ( ri ) divided by rows and ri into six equal parts, i.e., a section obtained by dividing one ri into 36 equal parts. Each section is called by a number, such as Ichi-no-tsubo, Ni-no-tsubo, or San-roku-no-tsubo. There were two methods for arranging the numbers: chidori style and parallel style. One tsubo is one cho (approximately 1.2 hectares). [Toji documents - Rei, November 12, 825, Owari Province Kawahara Temple Land Register] ② A one-cho (1 cho) plot. [Ando documents - October 17, 820, Yamato Province Kawahara Temple Notice]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙[一]① 中庭。建物の間や垣根の内側などにある庭をさしていう。周囲を囲まれていて、一段低くなっているところを、「壺」に見立てて呼ぶとも云われ、動詞「つぼむ」などと関係があるともいわれる。※枕（１０Ｃ終）八七「けふ雪の山作らせ給はぬ所なん無き、御前(おまへ)のつぼにも作らせ給へり」② 転じて、宮中の部屋をいう。宮中の部屋にはそれぞれに内庭があり、そこに植えられた草木の名称から、その庭や庭に面した部屋を呼んだところからいう。つぼね。※古今（905‐914）秋上・一九〇・詞書「かむなりのつぼに人々あつまりて秋の夜惜しむ歌よみけるついでによめる」③ 格子(こうし)のます目。桟(さん)で囲まれた一つの部分。一こま。※枕（１０Ｃ終）二〇〇「格子のつぼなどに木の葉をことさらにしたらんやうに」[二] 面積などを表わす単位。① 土地の面積の単位。近世以降では一間四方。曲尺で六尺平方。約三・三平方メートル。明治二四年（一八九一）になって度量衡法に「歩は坪六尺平方」と規定された。〔大乗院寺社雑事記‐文明九年（1477）一二月三〇日〕② 錦、更紗、革など、貴重な平面状のものを計るのに用いる単位。一尺平方、もしくは一寸平方をさしていう。※書紀（720）持統四年四月（北野本訓）「一部(ヒトツホ)の綾羅(あやうすはた)」③ 印刷製版の上で、版面の面積をいうのに用いる単位。一寸平方。〔造本と印刷（1948）〕④ りゅうつぼ。土砂などの体積をはかる単位。六尺立方。約六・〇立方メートル。⑤ 材木の量をはかる単位。六尺・四尺・三尺に積み上げた材木の量をいう。約二立方メートル。[三] 条里制における土地の地割の単位。① 条と里(り)によって仕切られた方六町の区画（里）の各辺を六等分して仕切った区画、すなわち、一里を三六等分した区画の称。そのおのおのを、一の坪、二の坪、三六の坪のように数字を冠してよぶ。その数字の配置の方法には千鳥(ちどり)式と平行式の二種があった。一坪の面積は一町（約一・二ヘクタール）となる。〔東寺文書‐礼・天長二年（825）一一月一二日・尾張国検川原寺田帳〕② 方一町の区画のこと。〔安藤文書‐弘仁一一年（820）一〇月一七日・大和国川原寺牒〕

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