Kujo Michiie

A nobleman in the early Kamakura period. Grandson of Kanezane. He was the eldest son of Yoshitsune. His mother was the daughter of Ichijo Yoshiyasu (niece of Minamoto no Yoritomo). In 1206 (Ken'ei 1), he succeeded his father after his death, and served as regent, chancellor, and then junior third prince. After Shogun Sanetomo was assassinated in 1219 (Jokyu 1), at the request of the shogunate, he sent his fourth son, Yoritsune, to Kamakura as Shogun, and when his wife's father, Saionji Kintsune, took control of the Imperial Court with the support of the shogunate, Michiie also wielded great influence. In 1838 (Rekijin 1), he became a monk (under the Buddhist name Gyoe) at Hossho-ji Temple, and continued to be involved in government affairs, and after Kintsune's death he became Kanto Moushitsugi (the head of the Kanto region) and served as the liaison between the Imperial Court and the shogunate. However, Yoritsune and his son Yoritsugu were successively driven out of their positions as Shogun by the Hojo clan, and Michiie himself was shunned by the shogunate, and he was dismissed from his position as Kanto Moushitsugi and retired to seclusion, where he died in obscurity on February 21, 1271. A staunch believer in Buddhism, he built Tofuku-ji Temple in 1836 (Kasei 2). His diary is called "Gyokuzui."

[Eiji Nitta]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鎌倉前期の公卿(くぎょう)。兼実(かねざね)の孫。良経(よしつね)の嫡男。母は一条能保(いちじょうよしやす)の女(むすめ)（源頼朝(よりとも)の姪(めい)）。1206年（建永1）父の死後家を継ぎ、摂政(せっしょう)、関白(かんぱく)から准三宮(じゅさんぐう)に至った。19年（承久1）将軍実朝(さねとも)が暗殺されたあと、幕府の要請で四男頼経(よりつね)を将軍として鎌倉に送り、また妻の父西園寺公経(さいおんじきんつね)が幕府の後援で朝廷の実権を握るに及んで、道家も大いに権勢を振るった。38年（暦仁1）法性寺(ほっしょうじ)で出家（法名行慧(ぎょうえ)）の後も政務に携わり、公経の死後は自ら関東申次(もうしつぎ)となって朝廷と幕府との間の連絡にあたった。しかし、頼経、その子頼嗣(よりつぐ)が相次いで北条氏のために将軍職を追われ、道家自身も幕府に疎まれ、関東申次を解任されて籠居(ろうきょ)、建長(けんちょう)4年2月21日不遇のうちに死んだ。仏教を信ずること厚く、36年（嘉禎2）東福寺を建立した。その日記を『玉蘂(ぎょくずい)』という。

［新田英治］

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