Mount Kuju

Japanese: 九重山 - くじゅうさん
Mount Kuju

Located in the western part of Oita Prefecture, northeast of the Aso caldera, this is a group of Quaternary volcanoes made of andesite that belong to the Hakusan volcanic belt. They are also called the Kuju Mountains. They are divided into the Kuju Volcanic Group, which consists of Mt. Nakadake (1,791 meters), Mt. Kuju (1,787 meters), Mt. Hossho (1,762 meters), and Mt. Mimata (1,744 meters), the Ofune Volcanic Group, which includes Mt. Taisen (1,786 meters) and Mt. Kurodake (1,587 meters), and the Kuroiwa Volcanic Group, which includes Mt. Kuroiwa (1,503 meters), Mt. Ryoshi (1,423 meters), and Mt. Sensui (1,296 meters). These are lava domes, but a stratovolcano sits on top of Mt. Ofune. There are sulfur vents on the northeastern slope of Mount Hosho and on the southeastern foot of Mount Ofune, and the former has recorded particularly vigorous sulfur activity and steam explosions. There are also many hot springs, and there are two geothermal power plants, Otake (11,000 kilowatts) and Hacchobaru (50,000 kilowatts). The clouds of cowberry found in areas above 1,500 meters such as Mount Mimata and Mount Kuju, and the clouds of Miyamakirishi found in areas above 900 meters such as Mount Ofune, which are beautiful in June when they flower, are both nationally designated natural monuments. Along with the Handa Plateau on the northern foot and the Kuju Plateau on the southern foot, it is part of the Aso Kuju National Park. Hot springs such as Hokkein, Chojabaru, and Sujiyu are bases for climbing. The Yamanami Highway runs between the Kuju, Ofuna and Kuroiwa volcanic groups.

Mount Kuju is the general name for these volcanoes, but there is a debate between Kokonoe Town and the Miyakono district of Taketa City over the spelling of "Mount Kuju" (the former advocates "Mount Kuju", the latter "Mount Kuju"). Generally, "Mount Kuju", "Mount Kuju" or "Mount Kuju" is used to refer to the entire volcano group, and "Mount Kuju" is used to refer to the main peak alone. To avoid confusion, "Kuju" written in hiragana is often used in tourism promotion, and the national park is called "Aso Kuju National Park".

[Shunichi Kaneko and Akira Suwa]

[References] | Aso Kuju National Park | Mount Kuju
Mount Kuju (Kuju Mountain Range)
View from Kuju Plateau. Mount Inaboshi is in the center, and Mount Kuju is in the background on the left. Aso-Kuju National Park. Taketa City, Oita Prefecture ©Ministry of the Environment ">

Mount Kuju (Kuju Mountain Range)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

大分県西部、阿蘇(あそ)カルデラの北東方にあり、白山火山帯に属する安山岩質の第四紀火山群。九重連山ともよぶ。中岳(1791メートル)、久住山(くじゅうさん)(1787メートル)、星生(ほっしょう)山(1762メートル)、三俣(みまた)山(1744メートル)などからなるくじゅう火山群、大船山(たいせんざん)(1786メートル)、黒岳(1587メートル)などの大船火山群、黒岩山(くろいわやま)(1503メートル)、猟師(りょうし)山(1423メートル)、泉水(せんすい)山(1296メートル)などの黒岩火山群に分かれる。これらは溶岩円頂丘であるが、大船山上部には成層火山がのる。星生山の北東側山腹、大船山の南東側山麓(さんろく)には硫気孔があり、とくに前者では活発な硫気活動や水蒸気爆発が記録されている。温泉も多く、大岳(おおたけ)(出力1.1万キロワット)、八丁原(はっちょうばる)(5万キロワット)の両地熱発電所もある。久住山を中心に三俣山など1500メートル以上の地域に分布するコケモモの群落、大船山を中心に900メートル以上の地域に分布し6月の開花期に美観を呈するミヤマキリシマの群落は、ともに国指定天然記念物。北麓の飯田(はんだ)高原や南麓の久住高原とともに阿蘇くじゅう国立公園域の一部。法華院(ほっけいん)、長者原(ちょうじゃばる)、筋湯(すじゆ)などの温泉群が登山基地である。くじゅう、大船両火山群と黒岩火山群との間をやまなみハイウェイが走る。

 九重山はこれら火山群の総称であるが、九重(ここのえ)町と竹田(たけた)市都野(みやこの)地区では、「久住山」の表記をめぐって、議論がかわされている(前者は「九重山」を、後者は「久住山」を主張)。一般的には、火山群全体をさす場合に「九重山」「九重連山」「くじゅう連山」を用い、その主峰である単独の山をさす場合に「久住山」が用いられている。混乱を避けるため、観光宣伝では平仮名の「くじゅう」が用いられることが多く、国立公園名は「阿蘇くじゅう国立公園」とされている。

[兼子俊一・諏訪 彰]

[参照項目] | 阿蘇くじゅう国立公園 | 久住山
九重山(九重連山)
久住高原からの眺望。中央が稲星山、左奥が久住山。阿蘇くじゅう国立公園域。大分県竹田市©環境省">

九重山(九重連山)


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