Kuśinagara - Kuśinagara (English spelling)

Japanese: クシナガラ - くしながら（英語表記）Kuśinagara

An ancient country in central India, inhabited by the Malla people. Transliterated as Kushinagara. Also translated as Shangmaocheng or Kusacheng. Means a city (nagara) made of Kusha grass (dharbha grass) used for rituals. It is said that the Buddha passed away among the sal trees in the north of this country, with his head facing north and his right armpit under his head. It is famous as one of the four great holy places of Shakyamuni (the place of his birth, the place where he attained enlightenment, the place where he first preached the Dharma, and the place where he passed away). Based on the writings of the Chinese monks Faxian and Xuanzang, who visited this place, and the artifacts excavated here, Kushinagara is now believed to be located in Kushinagar, in the northeastern part of Uttar Pradesh, in northern India.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中央インドの古国でマッラ族居住地。音訳は拘尸那掲羅。上茅城，草城とも意訳する。祭式用のクシャ草(ダルバ草)の都城(ナガラ)を意味する。仏陀はこの国の北方のサラソウジュ(娑羅双樹)の間に，頭を北に向け右脇を下につけて入滅したという。釈尊の四大聖地(生誕地，得道地，初転法輪地，入滅地)の一つとして名高い。この地を訪れた中国僧法顕や玄奘の記述あるいは発掘された出土品等から，現在では北インド，ウッタル･プラデーシュ州北東部のカシアがクシナガラの古跡とされている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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