A state in which blood clots within blood vessels. The blood of healthy people does not clot within blood vessels, but in cases of changes in the endothelium of blood vessels (abnormalities due to damage, inflammation, or arteriosclerosis), blood stagnation, or increased coagulation, blood can clot locally and form a clot. This is a blood clot, and if a large blood clot forms and blocks a blood vessel, blood flow beyond that point stops, causing fatal abnormalities in some organs. This condition is called thrombosis, and the tissue in the area where blood flow has stopped dies (infarction). The most common cause is arteriosclerosis, and platelets adhere and aggregate to the atheroma to form a blood clot, which can block an artery, causing myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, renal infarction, or pulmonary infarction. [Kenjiro Ito] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
血管内で血液が固まった状態。健康者の血液は、血管の中で凝固することはないが、血管の内皮の変化(損傷とか炎症、あるいは動脈硬化などによる異常)、血液の停滞、凝固性が高まった場合などでは、その局所において血液が固まって凝固物ができる。これが血栓で、大きい血栓ができて、血管を閉塞(へいそく)すると、そこから先の血液の流れが止まって、臓器によっては致死的な異常をおこす。このような状態を血栓症といい、またそれによる血流の停止した場所の組織が死滅する(梗塞(こうそく))。もっとも多い原因は動脈硬化で、その粥(かゆ)状硬化に、血小板が粘着、凝集して凝血ができ、それが動脈を閉塞すると、心筋梗塞、脳梗塞、腎(じん)梗塞、肺梗塞などが発生する。 [伊藤健次郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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