A cooking utensil used to pierce meat or vegetables and grill or broil them, or to improve the appearance of the finished product. Skewers come in metal, bamboo, and plastic, depending on the material, and they come in a variety of shapes and lengths. In addition to round and flat skewers, metal skewers also come in Western-style decorative skewers called brochettes, and skewers for fondue. Bamboo skewers are often made for specific purposes, such as for dengaku (a type of Japanese dessert) or for dumplings, while plastic skewers are mainly used for decoration. In ancient times, they were also called "Yai-gushi" (grilled skewers) or "Ikushi" (Ikushi, Goju-kushi), and the Wamyō Ruijūshō states that they are "made by shaving bamboo into thin strips." They were generally used as grilled skewers, and gradually became standardized in the Middle Ages. The Shijōryū Hōchōgaki (Book of Knives) from the Muromachi period states that large grilled skewers are 1 shaku 2 sun (about 36 cm) long, small grilled skewers are 1 shaku (about 30 cm), and the shape is based on the joints, with large being 7 sun at the top and 5 sun at the bottom, and small being 6 sun at the top and 4 sun at the bottom, and both are to have the top of the bamboo well shaved off and the bottom left as it is. In the Edo period, they began to be used for dengaku and other dishes, and their uses spread, resulting in various standards. [Tomomi Kono and Masahisa Moriya] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
肉や野菜などをこれに突き刺して、焼いたりあぶったり、または仕上がりの姿をよくする場合などに用いる調理器具。材質により金串、竹串、プラスチック串があり、形や長さもいろいろである。金串には棒串(丸串)と平串のほか、ブロシェットとよばれる洋風の飾り串、フォンデュ用などもある。竹串は田楽(でんがく)用、団子用といったように目的別につくられたものが多く、プラスチック串は飾り用が主である。 古代においては「やいぐし」(焼串)、「いくし」(斎串、五十串)とも称し、『倭名類聚抄(わみょうるいじゅしょう)』には「細く竹を削るなり」とある。一般に焼き串として使用され、中世に入るとしだいに規格化された。室町時代の『四条流包丁書(しじょうりゅうほうちょうがき)』には、大焼き串が長さ1尺2寸(約36センチメートル)、小焼き串が1尺(約30センチメートル)、また型も節目を基準として、大が上7寸、下5寸、小が上6寸、下4寸と定めており、どちらも上は竹の甲をよく削り、下はそのまま残すとしている。江戸期に入ると、田楽などにも使用されるようになって用途が広まり、種々の規格のものができた。 [河野友美・森谷尅久] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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