A dynasty (1364-1555) founded by Thado Min Bya, a Shan descent, in Aba, on the Irrawaddy River in central Burma (present-day Myanmar). Under the rule of the next king, Min Cheeswa Soe Khe (reigned 1368-1400), the Upper Burma region was generally well governed. However, in addition to invasions by the Mao-Shan people from the north and the Mon people from the south, local myo (towns) often rebelled, and the region fell into turmoil in the 16th century. Myo was a unit of local administration and also functioned as an independent entity economically. Myo was governed by royal families sent from the central government, but they became indigenous and divided among themselves, calling themselves kings (Min). Under this dynasty, a commoner class called Athi was formed, and the social structure also underwent major changes. In terms of religion, the Mahakasappa sect flourished, which permitted the eating of meat and drinking alcohol and actively engaged in the development of farmland. In 1555, Ababa was captured by King Bayinnaung of the Taungoo dynasty, who was based in the south, and the Ababa dynasty came to an end. [Ito Toshikatsu] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中央ビルマ(現ミャンマー)、イラワジ川の河畔アバの地に、シャン人の血を引くタドーミンビャーによって建てられた王朝(1364~1555)。次のミン・チーズワソーケー王(在位1368~1400)の時代、上ビルマ地方一帯は概してよく統治されていた。しかし、北からのマオ・シャン人、南からのモン人の侵寇(しんこう)に加え、地方のミョウ(城市)もしばしば反乱を起こし、16世紀に入ると騒乱状態に陥った。ミョウは地方行政の単位であり経済的にも独立体としての機能をもっていた。ミョウは中央から派遣された王族によって統治されたが、彼らは土着化し互いに割拠して自ら王(ミン)と称した。またこの王朝下ではアティーAthiとよばれる平民階層が形成され、社会構成のうえにも大きな変化がおこった。宗教面では、肉食、飲酒を認め、農地の開発に積極的に従事したマハーカサッパ教団が繁栄。1555年、南に拠(よ)ったタウングー朝のバインナウン王によってアバが落とされ、アバ朝は滅んだ。 [伊東利勝] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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