Linga (English spelling) liga

Japanese: リンガ - りんが(英語表記)liga
Linga (English spelling) liga

A phallic statue worshipped in India. Phallic worship was a religion that was widely practiced among non-Aryan indigenous peoples, combining with the worship of the Earth Mother. Eventually, due to the Shaktism sect, it was considered to be a symbol of Shiva, the supreme god of the universe. A linga statue is usually placed on a plate-like base shaped like a vagina, with the statue penetrating the vagina, but it does not have a very concrete image. Believers regard it as Shiva, offer flowers to it, and pour ghee (milk fat). At first, linga worship was looked down upon as an indigenous religion, but it came to be highly regarded in Hinduism by Shankara, the founder of the Vedanta school of non-dualism in the 8th century. At the same time, it was no longer necessarily an object of straightforward desire for reproduction and the proliferation of offspring, and came to be strongly characterized as a symbol of Shiva. Believers today do not consider linga worship to be genital worship at all.

[Keiichi Miyamoto]

[Reference] | Shiba

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インドで崇拝された男根像。男根崇拝は、アーリア人以外の先住民族の間で、地母神崇拝と合体して広く行われていた宗教であるが、やがて、シャクティ派的な考えから、宇宙の最高神であるシバ神の象徴であるとされた。リンガ像は、普通、女陰をかたどった皿のような台の上に、その女陰を貫く形で立っているが、それほど即物的な形象をもっていない。信者はこれをシバ神とみなし、花を捧(ささ)げ、ギー(乳脂肪)を注ぐ。当初、リンガ崇拝は土着の宗教として低くみられていたが、8世紀の不二一元(ふにいちげん)論ベーダーンタ派の開祖シャンカラなどによって、ヒンドゥー教のなかに高く位置づけられるようになった。それとともに、生殖、子孫繁栄というストレートな願望の対象ではかならずしもなくなり、あくまでもシバ神の象徴としての性格を強くもたされることになった。現在の信者は、リンガ崇拝を性器崇拝であるとはすこしも思っていない。

[宮元啓一]

[参照項目] | シバ

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