Local anesthetic

Japanese: 局所麻酔薬 - きょくしょますいやく(英語表記)local anesthetic
Local anesthetic
In principle, it refers to a drug that dulls or eliminates the sensation of the targeted local area and relieves local pain while maintaining consciousness and reflex function. Its main use is to reduce or eliminate pain during local surgery. Local anesthetics have been used empirically since ancient times to relieve pain caused by trauma. Peruvian Indians have been using coca leaves as a recreational drug for 2,000 years, and they also knew that using them on wounds relieves pain. The component of coca leaves is cocaine, which is still a typical local anesthetic today.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
原則として意識や反射機能は正常に保ったままで,目的とする局所の知覚を鈍麻もしくは消失させ,局所的疼痛を軽減させる薬物をいう。局所的な手術の際に,疼痛の軽減または消失に用いるのが主用途である。局所麻酔薬は,外傷による疼痛の緩和を目的として,古くから経験的に使用されていた。ペルーのインディオは,2000年も前からコカ葉を嗜好品として用いていたが,これを外傷に使用すると痛みが緩和されることも知っていた。コカ葉の成分がコカインであり,これは現在でも代表的な局所麻酔薬である。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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