Gyodomen - Gyodomen

Japanese: 行道面 - ぎょうどうめん

A mask used in gyodo, a memorial service held at temples, or in similar ceremonies. Masks were used in gyodo because people would wear masks of bodhisattva, the eight guardian deities, or the twelve heavenly deities when carrying sacred palanquins or treasures, and would represent the guardian deities. In Japan, the oldest example is in 861, when people dressed as bodhisattva, heavenly deity, or heavenly maiden at a memorial service for the repair of the Great Buddha of Todaiji Temple. The oldest relic is the "Twelve Heavenly Deities Mask" with an inscription dated 1086 and kept at Kyoogokokuji Temple, and the "Bodhisattva Mask" with an inscription dated 1102 and kept at Horyuji Temple is the second most famous.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

寺院で行う練供養である行道，またはこれに類似した法会に用いた仮面。行道に仮面を用いるのは神聖な輿や宝物を持運ぶとき，菩薩，八部衆，十二天などの仮面をつけ守護神に仮託したため。日本では貞観3 (861) 年，東大寺大仏修理供養会に菩薩，天部，天女などに装ったのが古い例。遺品としては教王護国寺蔵の応徳3 (1086) 年銘『十二天面』が最古で，法隆寺蔵の康和4 (1102) 年銘『菩薩面』がこれに次ぐものとして著名。

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