Tax on the borders of Japan

…In the Qing dynasty, it was called the 'chō' tariff or the 'chō' tariff, and after the Xianfeng reign (1851-61), a new 'rikin' tax was introduced to support the financial difficulties of the country, but it was still an inland tax. Even before the introduction of the commercial tax, a 'guanliang' tax was sometimes set up at checkpoints at key points on land and sea to collect transit taxes, but the main role of the commercial tax was to have merchants register at the publicly established markets in each prefecture and collect a commercial tax called the 'shi shi' tax. The guanliang tax was considered a wrong way of doing things and was widely opposed. On the other hand, important markets were limited to the prefectures, and the influence of mobile merchants was limited, so even if they were overlooked, they were not important enough to be taken up as a source of revenue. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "Sekiryo Tax" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…清代は鈔関税とか常関税といい，咸豊(1851‐61)以後は，窮乏財政を支援するため，新たに釐金（りきん）税が登場してくるが，内地税であることに変りはない。商税の導入以前でも関梁の税といって水陸の要所に関所をおいて通過税をとることは随時行われていたものの，商業税の主役は各県城に公設された市で商人を登録させ，市籍租という商業税を徴することであり，関梁の税は邪道とされ反対も多かった。裏返せば重要な市場は県城に限られ，移動商人の勢力も限られ，たとえ目こぼしをしても財源にとり上げるほどには重要でなかった。…

※「関梁の税」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報