Gong Ji-chin

A Chinese poet and scholar from the late Qing Dynasty. His pen name was Ren and his title was Ding'an. He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Both his grandfather and father were bureaucrats who had been Jinshi, and his mother was the daughter of the famous scholar of historical research, Duan Yucai. He learned philology from his maternal grandfather Yucai from the age of 12, which may have been one of the reasons for his tendency to use many difficult characters in his later poetry. He passed the Jinshi examination at the late age of 38, and his last position as chief of the Ministry of Rites was at the age of 48, when he resigned. Two years later, he suddenly died in Danyang, Jiangnan. The year after he became a Juren, he began studying Gongyang studies from Liu Fenglu at the age of 28, which opened his eyes to criticism of the current political situation. His poetry is highly individualistic and full of unusual sensibility, and is strongly shaded with melancholy. As a poet who foresaw the times of crisis in the late Qing Dynasty, he was loved by many patriots throughout the Republic of China.

[Ichiro Sato March 18, 2016]

"Tanaka Kenji's Annotated Collection of Chinese Poets, Volume 2, 14, Gong Zizhen" (1962, Iwanami Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)末の詩人、学者。字(あざな)は人(しつじん)、号は定盦(ていあん)。浙江(せっこう)省杭州(こうしゅう)城内の生まれ。祖父も父も進士出身の官僚であり、母は著名な考証学者段玉裁(だんぎょくさい)の娘という環境に育った。12歳から外祖父玉裁より文字学を習い、このことが後年の詩に難解な字を多用するという傾向をもたらした一因であろう。進士に合格したのは38歳と遅く、礼部主客司主事を最後に48歳で辞職した。その2年後に江南の丹陽で急死。彼は挙人(きょじん)になった翌年、28歳から劉逢禄(りゅうほうろく)より公羊(くよう)学を学び、政治の現状に対する批判の目を開かれた。詩はきわめて個性的で異常な感覚に富み、憂愁の陰を色濃く落としている。清末の危機の時代を予感した詩人として、中華民国にかけて多くの志士たちに愛読された。『龔自珍全集』がある。

［佐藤一郎　2016年3月18日］

『田中謙二注『中国詩人選集二集14　龔自珍』（1962・岩波書店）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例