Anuradhapura (English spelling)

Japanese: アヌラーダプラ(英語表記)Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura (English spelling)
A city in north-central Sri Lanka. Capital of Anuradhapura district. Located about 170 km north-northeast of Colombo. Founded in the 5th century BC. The second oldest capital in Sri Lanka and the center of ancient Sinhalese civilization. Historical records show that Mahinda, a son of King Ashoka, introduced Buddhism to this capital and converted the Sinhalese king Devanampiya Tissa and the people to Buddhism. In the 8th century, the Sinhalese dynasty abandoned the capital and moved to Polonnaruwa due to attacks by Tamils ​​from South India. It was completely abandoned until the mid-19th century and turned into a jungle, but was restored in the 20th century and became a Buddhist pilgrimage site, a transportation hub, and a commercial center. There are many Buddhist ruins (→Anuradhapura ruins), and the bodhi tree in the center of the city was moved from Bodh Gaya in India in 245 BC and is the oldest recorded surviving tree. The Mihintale hill, 2km east, is a Buddhist pilgrimage site, as it is the site of a meeting between Mahinda and King Devanampiya Tissa. Population: 56,632 (2001 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
スリランカ中北部の都市。アヌラーダプラ県の県都。コロンボ北北東約 170kmに位置。前5世紀に建設。スリランカで2番目に古い首都で,古代シンハラ文明の中心地であった。アショーカ王の王子マヒンダがこの首都に仏教を伝え,シンハラ人の王デーバーナンピヤ・ティッサと民衆を仏教に改宗させたと史書に記録されている。南インドから進出してきたタミル人の攻撃により,8世紀シンハラ王朝はこの首都を放棄してポロンナールワに移った。以後 19世紀中頃まで完全に放棄され,ジャングルと化していたが,20世紀に復興し,仏教徒の巡礼地,交通の要地,商業中心地となった。数多くの仏教遺跡 (→アヌラーダプラ遺跡 ) があり,町の中心にあるボダイジュは,前 245年にインドのブッダガヤーから移されたもので,記録に残る現存樹木中最古のもの。東 2kmにあるミヒンタレーの丘は,マヒンダとデーバーナンピヤ・ティッサ王の会見の地として,仏教徒の巡礼地となっている。人口5万 6632 (2001速報値) 。

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