Teachers' Communist Incident

These were cases in which teachers were arrested for being directly or indirectly involved in the communist movement. After the March 15 Incident in 1928 (Showa 3), the crackdown on the communist movement became more severe, and teachers associated with the Shinko Education Research Institute (which was established in 1930 and became the Shinko Education Alliance Preparatory Committee in 1932) and the Japan Education Workers' Union (which became the Education and Labor Department of the Japan General Employees' Union of the National Council of Japanese Trade Unions in 1931) were repeatedly suppressed as "communist teachers." Particularly notable were the arrests of about 60 teachers from over 20 schools in Tokyo prefecture and city from July to December 1932, and the arrests of 138 teachers from 65 schools in Nagano prefecture from February to April the following year. Including organizations other than these, there were 99 cases of crackdowns between 1929 and 1933, with 716 people arrested (73 indicted) and 486 people taking leave or retiring, covering one prefecture, three metropolitan areas, and 36 prefectures.

[Nomaru Sato]

"History of the Japanese Education Movement 2" edited by Kurotaki Chikara et al. (Sanichi Shinsho)" ▽ "Study of the History of Japanese Teachers" by Ishidoya Tetsuo (1967, Kodansha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

教員が共産主義運動に直接間接に関係したとして検挙された事件。1928年（昭和3）の三・一五事件以後、共産主義運動に対する弾圧は過酷化し、30年結成の新興教育研究所（32年、新興教育同盟準備会となる）と日本教育労働者組合（31年、日本労働組合全国協議会日本一般使用人組合の教育労働部となる）などに関係した教員を「赤化教員」として弾圧することが相次いだ。とくに、32年7～12月の東京府市二十数校約60名の教員検挙事件、翌年2～4月の長野県65校138名の教員検挙事件が著名である。これらの組織以外をも含め、29～33年の弾圧は99件、検挙者716名（起訴73名）、休退職者486名で、1道3府36県にわたった。

［佐藤能丸］

『黒滝チカラ他編『日本教育運動史2』（三一新書）』▽『石戸谷哲夫著『日本教員史研究』（1967・講談社）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例