Old calendar - Kyureki

Japanese: 旧暦 - きゅうれき

〘Noun〙① Old calendar. A calendar used long ago. ※Rokujoan Shisho-2 (1797) 5. Miscellaneous poems on autumnal outskirts: “ _The lunar calendar is as sweet as _{the rain} , _and I throw it _away , like the year, I am on a _chariot _and _{going on} my way.” [New Book of Tang-Rekishi-1] ② Last year. Old year. ※Untitled poems in Japan (around 1162-64) 4. Early spring ramblings〈Fujiwara Shuko〉 “The rain on the eastern outskirts is warm on the Zhaoyang road, and snow remains in the back garden, like the lunar calendar.” ③ Refers to the lunisolar calendar used before the solar calendar (new calendar) adopted in 1872. A calendar based mainly on the path of the moon, with a month of 29 or 30 days, and 12 months in a year, or about 354 days. Furthermore, in order to align with the cycle of the earth, a year is made 13 months about twice every five years, and leap months are established in which a certain month is repeated twice. ※ Calendar Reform Edict - November 9, 1872 (Meiji 5) "The solar calendar is the most accurate compared to the lunar calendar, and therefore from now on we will abolish the lunar calendar and use the solar calendar." [Song History - Luliyaki Zhi] [Glossary] (Regarding ③) Ancient Japan did not have its own calendar system, and in the 7th century, during the reign of Empress Suiko, the Chinese calendar system was imported and used, and after that, it followed several Chinese calendars such as the Giho calendar and the Daien calendar. In particular, the Senmei calendar, which was adopted in the 4th year of the Jogan era ( 862 ), was used for 823 years, but Yasui Santetsu ( Shibukawa Shunkai) found this error and presented a petition for the adoption of a new calendar that adapted the original Shouji calendar to Japan, and it was adopted in the 1st year of the Jokyo era (1684 ), and came into effect in the 2nd year of the same year. After that, the calendar was revised to the Horeki calendar, the Kansei calendar, and the Tenpo calendar. These are commonly referred to, but today it usually refers to the Tenpo calendar.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 古い暦。昔、用いられた暦。※六如庵詩鈔‐二編（1797）五・秋日郊行雑詩五首「才如_二旧暦_一甘_二人棄_一、年似_二奔車_一載_レ我行」〔新唐書‐歴志上〕② 昨年。旧年。※本朝無題詩（1162‐64頃）四・早春言志〈藤原周光〉「東郊雨暖昭陽路、後苑雪残旧暦情」③ 明治五年（一八七二）に採用された太陽暦（新暦）に対して、それ以前に用いられた太陰太陽暦をいう。月のみちかけを主な基準にしてきめた暦で、一か月を二九日または三〇日とし、一か年を一二か月、約三五四日と定め、更に、地球の周期に合わせるため、五年に約二度の割で一年を一三か月とし、ある月を二度繰り返す閏月を設けた。※改暦の詔‐明治五年（1872）一一月九日「太陽暦は〈略〉太陰暦に比すれば、最も精密にして〈略〉依て自今旧暦を廃し、太陽暦を用ひ」〔宋史‐律暦志〕[語誌](③について) 上代の日本には固有の暦法がなく、七世紀、推古天皇のときに、中国の暦法が移入されてこれを遵用して以後、儀鳳暦(ぎほうれき)、大衍暦(たいえんれき)などいくつかの中国暦によった。特に貞観四年（八六二）に採用された宣明暦は八二三年間利用されたが、その誤りを見出した安井算哲（渋川春海）が元の授時暦を日本に適応させた新暦の採用を奏上、貞享元年（一六八四）に採用が決まり、同二年より施行された。以後、宝暦暦、寛政暦、天保暦と修正が加えられた。これらを通称していうが、今日ではふつう天保暦をさす。

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